Muhammad Eida Nurhadzira, Chong Zhuo Lin, Mahmud Mohd Amierul Fikri, Asari Filza Noor, Mohd Zain Rozainanee, Arip Masita
Center for Communicable Disease Epidemiology Research, Institute for Public Health, National Institute of Health, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia.
Infectious Disease Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Health, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia.
Sci Rep. 2025 Jun 1;15(1):19191. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-03798-8.
This study assesses the neutralizing antibodies response to Omicron subvariants and examines factors associated with seropositivity in a vaccinated Malaysian cohort. It is a prospective cohort study, conducted between June 2021 and October 2022. Descriptive and binary logistic regression analyses were performed on 1,117 adults aged 18 and above. Among the subvariants, seropositivity rates were: BA.2 (81.9%), BA.1 (68.4%), and BA.4/5 (64.2%). Non-Malaysians had significantly higher odds of testing positive for BA.2 compared to Malaysians (OR: 8.009; 95% CI: 1.273-50.402). Recipients of AstraZeneca (OR: 3.955; 95% CI: 2.414-6.482) and CanSino (OR: 1.980; 95% CI: 1.047-3.743) vaccines had higher odds of BA.2 seropositivity compared to Pfizer recipients. For BA.4/5, individuals aged 60 and above had greater odds of seropositivity (OR: 1.751; 95% CI: 1.029-2.979) compared to those aged 18-39. Chinese ethnicity was associated with lower odds of seropositivity than Malay ethnicity across BA.1 (OR: 0.508; 95% CI: 0.350-0.736), BA.2 (OR: 0.570; 95% CI: 0.377-0.861), and BA.4/5 (OR: 0.671; 95% CI: 0.467-0.963). This study highlights that completing primary vaccination and booster doses remains critical to reducing severe COVID-19 outcomes, underscoring the need for ongoing surveillance and targeted strategies for vulnerable demographic and socio-environmental groups.
本研究评估了接种疫苗的马来西亚队列中对奥密克戎亚变体的中和抗体反应，并调查了与血清阳性相关的因素。这是一项前瞻性队列研究，于2021年6月至2022年10月进行。对1117名18岁及以上的成年人进行了描述性和二元逻辑回归分析。在这些亚变体中，血清阳性率分别为：BA.2（81.9%）、BA.1（68.4%）和BA.4/5（64.2%）。与马来西亚人相比，非马来西亚人BA.2检测呈阳性的几率显著更高（比值比：8.009；95%置信区间：1.273 - 50.402）。与辉瑞疫苗接种者相比，阿斯利康（比值比：3.955；95%置信区间：2.414 - 6.482）和康希诺（比值比：1.980；95%置信区间：1.047 - 3.743）疫苗接种者BA.2血清阳性的几率更高。对于BA.4/5，60岁及以上的个体血清阳性几率比18 - 39岁的个体更高（比值比：1.751；95%置信区间：1.029 - 2.979）。在BA.1（比值比：0.508；95%置信区间：0.350 - 0.736）、BA.2（比值比：0.570；95%置信区间：0.377 - 0.861）和BA.4/5（比值比：0.671；95%置信区间：0.467 - 0.963）中，华裔血清阳性几率低于马来裔。本研究强调，完成初级疫苗接种和加强针接种对于降低严重COVID - 19结局仍然至关重要，凸显了对弱势群体和社会环境群体进行持续监测和制定针对性策略的必要性。
