Li Xiang, Ma Yaohui, Xu Gaosi
Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.
Med Sci Monit. 2025 Jun 2;31:e948310. doi: 10.12659/MSM.948310.
BACKGROUND Air conditioning reduces indoor humidity, which can affect fluid balance and renal function. This study assessed the effect of short-term humidity reduction on estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in healthy adults. MATERIAL AND METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional and a self-controlled study in southern China enrolling. In the cross-sectional study, 12 671 healthy adults aged 18-75 years. There were 7120 participants in the air conditioning group (ACG) and 5551 in the electric fan group (FG), and. In the self-controlled study, 362 participants (mean age: 42.9±11.7 years) were exposed to both environments sequentially. Indoor humidity and temperature were recorded overnight using digital sensors. After 8 hours of sleep, fasting blood and urine samples were collected. eGFR was calculated using the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) and Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) equations. RESULTS In the cross-sectional study, indoor humidity was lower in the air conditioning group (ACG: 48% [44-52%]) compared to the fan group (FG: 80% [77-83%], P<0.001). Mean eGFRMDRD was significantly lower in the ACG (105.3±16.5 mL/min/1.73 m²) than in the FG (109.1±17.0 mL/min/1.73 m², P<0.001). In the self-controlled study, eGFRMDRD was also reduced after air conditioning exposure (104.6±15.8 vs 108.4±15.7 mL/min/1.73 m², P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS Low indoor humidity due to air conditioning is associated with a modest but significant decline in eGFR in healthy adults.
空调可降低室内湿度，这可能影响体液平衡和肾功能。本研究评估了短期湿度降低对健康成年人估算肾小球滤过率（eGFR）的影响。
我们在中国南方进行了一项横断面研究和一项自身对照研究。在横断面研究中，纳入了12671名年龄在18 - 75岁的健康成年人。空调组（ACG）有7120名参与者，电风扇组（FG）有5551名参与者。在自身对照研究中，362名参与者（平均年龄：42.9±11.7岁）先后暴露于两种环境。使用数字传感器在夜间记录室内湿度和温度。睡眠8小时后，采集空腹血样和尿样。使用肾脏病膳食改良（MDRD）方程和慢性肾脏病流行病学协作组（CKD - EPI）方程计算eGFR。
在横断面研究中，空调组的室内湿度较低（ACG：48% [44 - 52%]），而电风扇组为80% [77 - 83%]，P<0.001）。ACG组的平均eGFRMDRD显著低于FG组（105.3±16.5 mL/min/1.73 m² 对比 109.1±17.0 mL/min/1.73 m²，P<0.001）。在自身对照研究中，暴露于空调环境后eGFRMDRD也降低了（104.6±15.8对比108.4±15.7 mL/min/1.73 m²，P<0.001）。
空调导致的低室内湿度与健康成年人的eGFR适度但显著下降有关。
