Labarthe Sébastien, Dubourg Karine, Bauduer Frédéric
Institut du Thermalisme, Collège des sciences de la santé, Université de Bordeaux, Dax, 40100, France.
Int J Biometeorol. 2025 Aug;69(8):1919-1927. doi: 10.1007/s00484-025-02938-z. Epub 2025 Jun 2.
In France, pelotherapy is mainly performed through the application of mud-packs that are conserved in heating cabinets and deposed on patient skin at a temperature between 40 and 45 °C. Repeated contacts with persons and storage conditions for their individual re-use are associated with microbiological risks. Currently, there are no quality standards or guidelines for the sanitary monitoring of this treatment. However, we used here the most stringent requirement proposed by the French National Academy of Medicine which recommends the heating of therapeutic muds up to 70 °C for at least 30 min in order to eliminate SARS-CoV-2 that may concentrate in sediments and is more resistant to heat inactivation than usual bacteria. To achieve this objective, operators lack information for scheduling a protocol regarding heat treatment duration and temperature because these parameters may vary according to the type of heating cabinet and composition/properties of extractive clays/mineral water. A series of heating/cooling scenarios using the most popular heating cabinet existing in French medical spas on four main types of extractive clays was tested. The target thermal conditions have been met with this chamber when scheduling the following data: 80 °C during 1h45 for a montmorillonite, illite and kaolinite mix, 2 h for a Ca-Montmorillonite and Na-Montmorillonite, and 1h30 for kaolinite. Due to very slow cooling kinetics, cycles duration was important (from 17 to 33 h), rendering necessary a reorganization in the daily scheduling of the procedure for therapeutic sessions. In addition, for application of these muds to the patient at 45 °C, a setting maintenance temperature at 50 °C (or at 45 °C for a 40 °C application temperature) is to be recommended. After validation by direct microbiological tests this protocol could be proposed as a methodological reference to the French medical spas using this type of heating material for pelotherapy.
在法国，泥疗主要通过使用保存在加热柜中的泥敷剂来进行，这些泥敷剂在40至45摄氏度的温度下敷于患者皮肤上。与人员的反复接触以及泥敷剂供个人重复使用的储存条件会带来微生物风险。目前，对于这种治疗的卫生监测没有质量标准或指南。然而，我们在此采用了法国国家医学科学院提出的最严格要求，即建议将治疗用泥加热至70摄氏度至少30分钟，以消除可能集中在沉积物中且比普通细菌更耐热灭活的新型冠状病毒。为实现这一目标，操作人员缺乏有关安排热处理持续时间和温度方案的信息，因为这些参数可能因加热柜类型以及提取粘土/矿泉水的成分/特性而异。我们测试了一系列使用法国医疗温泉中心现有的最常见加热柜对四种主要类型提取粘土的加热/冷却方案。当安排以下数据时，该加热柜达到了目标热条件：蒙脱石、伊利石和高岭土混合物在80摄氏度下加热1小时45分钟，钙蒙脱石和钠蒙脱石加热2小时，高岭土加热1小时30分钟。由于冷却动力学非常缓慢，循环持续时间很长（从17到
