Collier Allison J, Gomez Diego E, MacIver Melissa A, Verbrugghe Adronie, Weese J Scott, Blois Shauna L
Department of Clinical Studies, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada.
Abu Dhabi Equine and Camel Hospital, Al Wathba, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
PLoS One. 2025 Jun 2;20(6):e0325163. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0325163. eCollection 2025.
Studies assessing the impact of surgery on the canine gut microbiota are limited. This study assessed the fecal microbiota before and up to 3 months after elective orthopedic surgery.
Fourteen client-owned dogs >1 year of age undergoing elective orthopedic surgery were recruited. Dogs received perioperative antibiotics only (perioperative cefazolin, n = 7) or were discharged with oral cephalexin following surgery for 5-7 days (n = 7) in conjunction with perioperative antibiotics. Fecal samples were collected at baseline and at recheck 1 (13-50 days post-operatively) and recheck 2 (55-90 days post-operatively). The fecal microbiota was analyzed using 16S amplicon sequencing. Alpha diversity was assessed with the Sobs Index, Shannon Diversity Index, and Inverse Simpson Index, whereas beta diversity was assessed with the Bray-Curtis Index and Jaccard Index.
In the perioperative and post-operative antibiotic groups, the Inverse Simpson and Shannon Diversity Index differed between baseline and recheck 1 (p < 0.05), baseline and recheck 2 (p < 0.05), but not between recheck 1 and recheck 2 (p > 0.05). The Sobs Index was only significantly different between baseline and recheck 1 (p = 0.02) in both groups. The Bray-Curtis and Jaccard Index were significantly different at rechecks 1 and 2 compared to baseline (p > 0.05) in the post-operative antibiotic group but not in dogs that received only perioperative antibiotics. Both the Bray Curtis and Jaccard Index were significantly different between the antibiotic prescription types (p = 0.001) although measures of alpha diversity were not (p > 0.05).
Alterations in community structure, richness, and diversity were identified in dogs undergoing elective orthopedic surgery, with many changes persisting at least 2-3 months post-operatively in dogs receiving perioperative and/or post-operative antibiotics.
评估手术对犬肠道微生物群影响的研究有限。本研究评估了择期骨科手术前及术后长达3个月的粪便微生物群。
招募了14只年龄大于1岁的接受择期骨科手术的宠物犬。犬只仅接受围手术期抗生素治疗（围手术期使用头孢唑林，n = 7），或术后口服头孢氨苄5 - 7天（n = 7）并联合围手术期抗生素治疗。在基线、复查1（术后13 - 50天）和复查2（术后55 - 90天）采集粪便样本。使用16S扩增子测序分析粪便微生物群。用Sobs指数、香农多样性指数和逆辛普森指数评估α多样性，用布雷 - 柯蒂斯指数和贾卡德指数评估β多样性。
在围手术期和术后抗生素组中，逆辛普森指数和香农多样性指数在基线与复查1之间（p < 0.05）、基线与复查2之间（p < 0.05）存在差异，但在复查1与复查2之间无差异（p > 0.05）。两组中Sobs指数仅在基线与复查1之间有显著差异（p = 0.02）。术后抗生素组在复查1和复查2时，布雷 - 柯蒂斯指数和贾卡德指数与基线相比有显著差异（p > 0.05），而仅接受围手术期抗生素治疗的犬只则无此差异。尽管α多样性指标无差异（p > 0.05），但布雷 - 柯蒂斯指数和贾卡德指数在抗生素处方类型之间有显著差异（p = 0.001）。
在接受择期骨科手术的犬只中发现了群落结构、丰富度和多样性的改变，接受围手术期和/或术后抗生素治疗的犬只术后至少2 - 3个月仍有许多变化持续存在。
