Uribe Sofia, Bowen Holly J, Meuret Alicia E
Department of Psychology, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX, USA.
Cogn Affect Behav Neurosci. 2025 Jun 2. doi: 10.3758/s13415-025-01315-y.
Depression is associated with impairments in memory processes. Evidence suggests that poorer recognition of positive information and quicker disengagement with positive information from working memory in depressed versus nondepressed individuals. The working memory deficits are speculated to be downstream effects of a taxed working memory due to rumination processes that impair reward learning leading to anhedonia symptoms. Downstream effects are also hypothesized for episodic memory with impairments particularly for positive information due to dopamine dysregulation from anhedonia affecting memory formation processes. To examine the association of memory impairments in individuals with mild-to-severe anhedonia and depressive symptoms, 108 young adults completed a working memory task where they had to remember an abstract shape while presented with two consecutive positive, neutral, or negative images. This task was followed by a surprise episodic memory recognition test for the images the next day. The Drift Diffusion Model index drift rate was used to examine whether anhedonia severity predicted evidence accumulation rates during working and episodic memory retrieval. Contrary to expectations, based on multivariate models, anhedonia severity did not predict evidence accumulation rate for any specific valence in either task. These results suggest that anhedonia symptoms may not be uniquely associated with memory differences for emotionally valenced compared with neutral stimuli. Further studies should investigate the role of specific facets of anhedonia, including anticipatory reward and use different paradigms and neurophysiological measures, to examine the proposed hypotheses.
抑郁症与记忆过程受损有关。有证据表明，与非抑郁症患者相比，抑郁症患者对积极信息的识别较差，且能更快地从工作记忆中脱离积极信息。工作记忆缺陷被推测是由于反复思考过程导致工作记忆负担过重的下游效应，反复思考过程会损害奖赏学习，进而导致快感缺失症状。对于情景记忆也有下游效应的假设，由于快感缺失导致多巴胺调节异常影响记忆形成过程，情景记忆会出现损伤，尤其是对积极信息的损伤。为了研究轻至重度快感缺失和抑郁症状个体的记忆损伤之间的关联，108名年轻人完成了一项工作记忆任务，在该任务中，他们必须在连续呈现两个积极、中性或消极图像的同时记住一个抽象形状。第二天，对这些图像进行了一次意外的情景记忆识别测试。采用漂移扩散模型指数漂移率来检验快感缺失严重程度是否能预测工作记忆和情景记忆检索过程中的证据积累率。与预期相反，基于多变量模型，快感缺失严重程度在任一任务中均不能预测任何特定效价的证据积累率。这些结果表明，与中性刺激相比，快感缺失症状可能并非与情绪效价的记忆差异存在独特关联。进一步的研究应调查快感缺失的特定方面的作用，包括预期奖赏，并使用不同的范式和神经生理学测量方法，以检验所提出的假设。
