Wootton Lara M, Boucher Florian C, Pouchon Charles, Roquet Cristina, Coissac Eric, Renaud Julien, Alsos Inger G, Valla Pierre G, Husson Laurent, Bernet Matthias, Perrier Christophe, Douzet Rolland, Rome Maxime, Valay Jean-Gabriel, Alberti Adriana, Denoeud France, Zimmermann Niklaus E, Wincker Patrick, Thuiller Wilfried, Lavergne Sébastien
Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, LECA, Grenoble, France.
Conservatoire et Jardin botaniques de Genève, Chambésy, Switzerland.
Nat Plants. 2025 Jun;11(6):1142-1153. doi: 10.1038/s41477-025-02001-0. Epub 2025 Jun 2.
Our understanding of the emergence of mountain floras rests on our ability to infer how orogeny, landscape dynamics and climate change altered their evolutionary trajectories. Here we reconstruct the assembly of the diverse sky-island flora of the European Alps and test the impact of key geo-climatic events. We use a dated 5,231-species phylogeny, including 96% of the sky-island flora. The assembly of this flora occurred through the colonization of over a thousand distinct lineages, of which 46% speciated from their lowland or non-Alpine ancestor and 6% underwent in situ cladogenesis. The young ages of extant sky-island lineages show that their accumulation was decoupled from ancient geo-climatic events but accelerated throughout the Plio-Pleistocene. The sky-island vegetation therefore assembled through recent lineage turnover, which was triggered, rather than impeded, by Pleistocene glacial intensification. This perspective challenges previous assumptions and highlights the complex interplay of geo-climatic factors in shaping the intricate tapestry of alpine floras.
我们对山地植物群起源的理解，取决于我们推断造山运动、景观动态和气候变化如何改变其进化轨迹的能力。在此，我们重建了欧洲阿尔卑斯山多样天空岛屿植物群的形成过程，并测试关键地质气候事件的影响。我们使用了一个包含5231个物种的定年系统发育树，其中包括96%的天空岛屿植物群。该植物群的形成是通过一千多个不同谱系的定殖实现的，其中46%是从其低地或非高山祖先分化而来，6%经历了原地分支形成。现存天空岛屿谱系的年轻年龄表明，它们的积累与古代地质气候事件脱钩，但在整个上新世-更新世加速。因此，天空岛屿植被是通过近期的谱系更替形成的，更新世冰川强化触发而非阻碍了这种更替。这一观点挑战了先前的假设，并突出了地质气候因素在塑造复杂高山植物群中的复杂相互作用。
