Nutrition is Associated with Violent and Criminal Behaviors.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW

Psychological illnesses, mood disorders, anger and violent behaviors, which are increasing at an alarming rate today, not only negatively affect human health but also pose a threat to social life and security. The extant literature indicates that mental illnesses (e.g., depression and anxiety), negative affect (e.g., unhappiness and anger), and antisocial behaviors are associated with an increased likelihood of criminal behavior. Therefore, treating psychological disorders, improving mood and transforming negative behaviors into positive behaviors seems to be a potential strategy for reducing the crime rate and preventing crime. Given the existing literature associating nutrition with mood, behavior, and crime, this narrative review aims to examine the effects of nutrition on violent and criminal behavior.

RECENT FINDINGS

Despite the common perception that an unhealthy diet is an effective strategy to improve mood, current research has shown that the opposite is true. The findings showed that healthy eating plays an important role in improving mood, treating psychological disorders and preventing negative behaviors. In addition to the therapeutic effects of a healthy diet, macro- and micronutrient deficiencies have been associated with a range of psychological disorders, including poor mood, violence and criminal behavior. A healthy diet with adequate amounts of macro- and micronutrients is essential for mental and physical health, as well as for the prevention and treatment of negative behaviors, and for the well-being, order and security of the individual and society.