Odat Ramez M, Alshwayyat Sakhr, Nguyen Dang, Alshwayyat Tala Abdulsalam, Qasem Hanan M, Jain Hritvik, Hanifa Hamdah, Aloudat Osama, Lin John C, Ngwa Wilfred, Thompson Margaret E G, Harky Amer
Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science & Technology, Irbid, Jordan.
Research Associate, King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman, Jordan.
Cardiooncology. 2025 Jun 2;11(1):52. doi: 10.1186/s40959-025-00353-2.
Non-cancer deaths are now becoming a significant threat to the health of cancer patients. Death from atherosclerosis is linked to cancer due to the side effects of treatment and its pathogenesis. However, guidelines for identifying cancer patients at the highest risk of death from atherosclerosis remain unclear. In this study, we aimed to identify the correlation between various outcomes and the risk of death from atherosclerosis as well as to determine which cancer subtypes are linked to a higher risk of mortality from atherosclerosis.
Data of all patients diagnosed with cancer between 2000 and 2021 were obtained from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. Data regarding the causes of death and clinicopathological features such as sex, age, race, marital status, SEER stage, and treatment procedures were extracted. We calculated standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) using the SEER*Stat software V8.4.3.
Of the 6,891,191 cancer patients, 3,900 (0.057%) died of atherosclerosis, a rate higher than that in the general population (SMR = 1.18, 95% CI [1.15-1.22]). Atherosclerosis-related deaths decreased over time from 1,882 deaths between 2000 and 2004 to 279 deaths between 2015 and 2019. Among the 3,900 atherosclerotic deaths, the highest numbers were observed in patients with digestive cancers (n = 768, 19.7%), particularly colon and rectal cancer (n = 544, 13.9%), prostate cancer (n = 742, 19%), and breast cancer (n = 544, 13.9%). Patients with brain cancer (SMR = 4.96, 95% CI [3.07-7.59]), liver and intrahepatic bile duct cancers (SMR = 3.20, 95% CI [2.24-4.43]), and pancreatic cancer (SMR = 2.69, 95% CI [1.97-3.59]) had a significantly higher rate of death from atherosclerosis than the general population.
Our study revealed a higher atherosclerosis mortality risk among patients with cancer in the United States, emphasizing the need for integrated care that addresses cancer and cardiovascular risks to improve overall patient outcomes. However, our conclusions are restricted to the aggregated data provided by SEER, and we encourage future studies to explore more detailed datasets.
非癌症死亡如今正成为癌症患者健康的重大威胁。由于治疗的副作用及其发病机制，动脉粥样硬化导致的死亡与癌症相关。然而，识别动脉粥样硬化死亡风险最高的癌症患者的指南仍不明确。在本研究中，我们旨在确定各种结果与动脉粥样硬化死亡风险之间的相关性，并确定哪些癌症亚型与动脉粥样硬化导致的更高死亡风险相关。
从监测、流行病学和最终结果（SEER）数据库中获取2000年至2021年期间所有确诊癌症患者的数据。提取有关死亡原因以及性别、年龄、种族、婚姻状况、SEER分期和治疗程序等临床病理特征的数据。我们使用SEER*Stat软件V8.4.3计算标准化死亡比（SMR）。
在6,891,191名癌症患者中，3900人（0.057%）死于动脉粥样硬化，这一比率高于普通人群（SMR = 1.18，95% CI [1.15 - 1.22]）。与动脉粥样硬化相关的死亡人数随时间减少，从2000年至2004年的1882例死亡降至2015年至2019年的279例死亡。在3900例动脉粥样硬化死亡病例中，消化系统癌症患者的死亡人数最多（n = 768，19.7%），尤其是结肠癌和直肠癌（n = 544，13.9%）、前列腺癌（n = 742，19%）和乳腺癌（n = 544，13.9%）。脑癌患者（SMR = 4.96，95% CI [3.07 - 7.59]）、肝癌和肝内胆管癌患者（SMR = 3.20，95% CI [2.24 - 4.43]）以及胰腺癌患者（SMR = 2.69，95% CI [1.97 - 3.59]）的动脉粥样硬化死亡发生率显著高于普通人群。
我们的研究揭示了美国癌症患者中较高的动脉粥样硬化死亡风险，强调需要提供综合护理，同时关注癌症和心血管风险，以改善患者的整体预后。然而，我们的结论仅限于SEER提供的汇总数据，我们鼓励未来的研究探索更详细的数据集。
