Burger W, Chemnitius J M, Metz M Z, Bing R J
J Mol Cell Cardiol. 1985 Sep;17(9):917-30. doi: 10.1016/s0022-2828(85)80105-x.
A model is described which permits the study of localized and generalized arterial spasm in the intact working perfused rabbit heart with a perfluorochemical (FC-43) as perfusate. Coronary arteries were visualized by intraatrial injection of Patent Blue Dye with gated photography. Localized spasm resulted from topical spray of histamine (40 mumols) on the epicardial surface overlying an obtuse marginal artery. Before and following topical administration of histamine, regional coronary flow was determined using radioisotope-labeled microspheres. Generalized arterial spasm was initiated by intraatrial injection of histamine (10 mumols). After topical administration, abtuse marginal artery diameter decreased by 57%; large vessel resistance rose 32 fold; 20% rise of total coronary resistance resulted in a slight reduction of total coronary flow (16%). Heart rate, cardiac output, dP/dtmax and myocardial oxygen consumption did not change. However, regional coronary flow in the myocardium supplied by the affected artery diminished 21% resulting in ischemic changes in redox pairs. After intraatrial injection of histamine, changes were more pronounced. Obtuse marginal artery diameter declined by 88% resulting in 3300-fold rise of large vessel resistance. Total coronary resistance increased 150%, coronary flow and cardiac output diminished (56% and 24%). Both heart rate and dP/dtmax increased (16% and 17%). Generalized coronary spasm after intraatrial histamine injection resulted in severe metabolic effects: Myocardial oxygen consumption (-48%); ATP (-29%); creatine phosphate (-34%); redox ratios, alpha-glycerophosphate/dihydroxyacetone phosphate and lactate/pyruvate, increased by 449% and 114%, respectively. The findings illustrate that localized and generalized coronary spasm can be produced and quantitated in a working heart model.
本文描述了一种模型，该模型可利用全氟化合物（FC - 43）作为灌注液，在完整的、处于工作状态的灌注兔心脏中研究局部和全身性动脉痉挛。通过心房内注射专利蓝染料并采用门控摄影技术来观察冠状动脉。局部痉挛是由在覆盖钝缘动脉的心外膜表面局部喷洒组胺（40微摩尔）引起的。在局部给予组胺之前和之后，使用放射性同位素标记的微球测定局部冠状动脉血流。全身性动脉痉挛通过心房内注射组胺（10微摩尔）引发。局部给药后，钝缘动脉直径减小了57%；大血管阻力增加了32倍；冠状动脉总阻力增加20%导致冠状动脉总血流量略有减少（16%）。心率、心输出量、dP/dtmax和心肌耗氧量没有变化。然而，受影响动脉所供应心肌区域的冠状动脉血流减少了21%，导致氧化还原对出现缺血性变化。心房内注射组胺后，变化更为明显。钝缘动脉直径下降了88%，导致大血管阻力增加了3300倍。冠状动脉总阻力增加了150%，冠状动脉血流量和心输出量减少（分别为56%和24%）。心率和dP/dtmax均增加（分别为16%和17%）。心房内注射组胺后全身性冠状动脉痉挛导致严重的代谢影响：心肌耗氧量（-48%）；三磷酸腺苷（-29%）；磷酸肌酸（-34%）；氧化还原比率，α - 磷酸甘油/磷酸二羟丙酮和乳酸/丙酮酸，分别增加了449%和114%。这些发现表明，在工作心脏模型中可以产生并定量局部和全身性冠状动脉痉挛。
