Zheng Chaoli, Li Xinlong, Sun Xinna, Tao Ye, Wang Yingfei, Wang Minghao, Ye Jiaoqian, Wang Shuo, Xia Yueneng, Miao Xiangjun, Sun Yi, Gao Haitao, Sun Yanling
School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266109, China.
Yunnan Academy of Fishery Science, Kunming, Yunnan, 655000, China.
Microb Pathog. 2025 Sep;206:107749. doi: 10.1016/j.micpath.2025.107749. Epub 2025 Jun 1.
During the period of 2021-2023, infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) was investigated on Oncorhynchus mykiss in the Shandong (SD), Chongqing (CQ) and Yunnan (YN) regions of China. Comparatively, there were more serious clinical signs in the diseased fishes of SD than these of YN and CQ. On the whole, tissue distribution showed that kidney and spleen have high virus loads in the diseased fishes of three regions. In SD, the golden trouts were more susceptible to IHNV than rainbow trouts. Ultrastructural analysis of YN sample showed that the bullet-shaped virions located in the intercellular space or around the nucleus of renal cells. In vivo and in vitro studies showed that IHNV-SD was more virulent than IHNV-CQ and -YN. According to the survey, IHNV-SD and -CQ were potentially derived from the purchased eyed eggs and parent fishes carrying with IHNV, while IHNV-YN were derived from the external factors, such as the cycling water, commercial fish and vehicle. In addition, a step-wise transmission model of SD-CQ-YN was inferred, and next further researched. Furthermore, the phylogenetic analysis showed that IHNV-CQ and -YN were clustered into a branch and close with -SD, and all belong to the J (JRt) genogroup.
在2021年至2023年期间，对中国山东（SD）、重庆（CQ）和云南（YN）地区的虹鳟鱼体内的传染性造血坏死病毒（IHNV）进行了调查。相比之下，SD患病鱼的临床症状比YN和CQ的患病鱼更为严重。总体而言，组织分布显示，三个地区患病鱼的肾脏和脾脏病毒载量较高。在SD，金鳟比虹鳟对IHNV更易感。YN样本的超微结构分析表明，子弹状病毒粒子位于肾细胞的细胞间隙或细胞核周围。体内和体外研究表明，IHNV-SD比IHNV-CQ和-YN的毒性更强。根据调查，IHNV-SD和-CQ可能源自购买的带眼卵和携带IHNV的亲鱼，而IHNV-YN则源自外部因素，如循环水、商品鱼和车辆。此外，推断出SD-CQ-YN的逐步传播模型，并将进一步研究。此外，系统发育分析表明，IHNV-CQ和-YN聚为一个分支，与-SD关系密切，均属于J（JRt）基因群。
