Kort Ikram, Hmandi Ons, Manoubi Syrine Azza, Belleli Mohamed, Bchir Khaled, Allouche Mohamed, Khelil Mehdi Ben
Faculty of Medicine, University Tunis El Manar, 1007, Tunis, Tunisia.
Department of Legal Medicine, Charles Nicolles University Hospital, Tunis 1007, Tunisia.
Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 2025 Jun 4. doi: 10.1007/s00127-025-02929-w.
Patients with psychiatric disorders experience a higher all-cause mortality compared with the general population. The aim of our study was to investigate the causes of death in psychiatric patients.
We retrospectively reviewed medical and autopsy records of clinically diagnosed psychiatric patients who underwent autopsy, from January 2012 to December 2021. We collected data related to demographics, medical history and autopsy findings. Statistical analysis included descriptive statistics, crossings and trend analysis.
A total of 826 deaths among psychiatric patients were collected, including 622 (75.3%) men and 204 (24.7%) women. The rate of deaths in psychiatric patients increased over the years (R = 0.65). The mean age at death was 47.3 ± 13.9 years. Schizophrenia was the most frequent psychiatric diagnosis (41.4%). 331 (40.1%) had been receiving antipsychotic drugs. The primary manner of death was suicide (53.2%), with hanging (23%) and drowning (7.6%) as the most frequent methods. Natural causes accounted for 23.8% (primarily cardiovascular disease (56.9%) and respiratory disorder (14.7%)), followed by undetermined deaths (21.4%) and homicide (1.6%).
Suicide and cardiovascular diseases were the major causes of death in psychiatric patients. Suicide risk stratification, lifestyle and cardio-metabolic factor modifications and careful antipsychotic management are crucial for reducing mortality in psychiatric patients.
与普通人群相比，精神疾病患者的全因死亡率更高。我们研究的目的是调查精神疾病患者的死亡原因。
我们回顾性分析了2012年1月至2021年12月期间接受尸检的临床诊断精神疾病患者的医疗和尸检记录。我们收集了与人口统计学、病史和尸检结果相关的数据。统计分析包括描述性统计、交叉分析和趋势分析。
共收集到826例精神疾病患者死亡病例，其中男性622例（75.3%），女性204例（24.7%）。精神疾病患者的死亡率逐年上升（R = 0.65）。平均死亡年龄为47.3±13.9岁。精神分裂症是最常见的精神疾病诊断（41.4%）。331例（40.1%）患者一直在接受抗精神病药物治疗。主要死亡方式是自杀（53.2%），其中缢死（23%）和溺水（7.6%）是最常见的方法。自然原因占23.8%（主要是心血管疾病（56.9%）和呼吸系统疾病（14.7%）），其次是死因不明（21.4%）和他杀（1.6%）。
自杀和心血管疾病是精神疾病患者的主要死亡原因。自杀风险分层、生活方式和心脏代谢因素的调整以及谨慎的抗精神病药物管理对于降低精神疾病患者的死亡率至关重要。
