西孟加拉邦0至2岁儿童中流感、呼吸道合胞病毒、SARS-CoV-2、其他呼吸道病毒和细菌的分子流行病学：一项为期一年的流感样疾病监测研究（2022 - 2023年）

Molecular epidemiology of influenza, respiratory syncytial virus, SARS-CoV-2, other respiratory viruses and bacteria among children 0-2-year-olds in West Bengal: a one-year influenza-like illness surveillance study (2022-2023).

作者信息

Khan Tila, Halder Sayantan, Das Ranjan Saurav, Jaiswal Abhishek, Leo Pearl Helena Scott, Mahato Arabinda, Ghosh Tarapada, Satpathi Parthasarathi, Bhattacharya Sangeeta Das

机构信息

Global Health Research Laboratory, School of Medical Science & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India.

Viral Research and Diagnostic Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Midnapore Medical College & Hospital, Midnapore, India.

出版信息

Front Epidemiol. 2025 May 20;5:1578951. doi: 10.3389/fepid.2025.1578951. eCollection 2025.

DOI:10.3389/fepid.2025.1578951

PMID:40463931

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12129922/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Lower respiratory infections are the leading cause of paediatric morbidity and mortality. This study documents the incidence and etiology of influenza-like illness (ILI) among young children in rural eastern India.

METHODS

We conducted a surveillance of ILI in children visiting paediatric clinics of two hospitals in District West Midnapore, West Bengal from April 1, 2022 to March 31, 2023. Nasopharyngeal swabs were collected from children 0-2 years of age with ILI and tested for influenza, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), and SARS-CoV-2; a representative set for the respiratory panel.

RESULTS

Of 9,923 outpatient children 0-14 years of age screened, 1,001 had ILI, of which 439 (44%) were in 0-2-year-olds. The ILI incidence was 439/4,310 [10.2% (95% CI: 9.29-11.1)] in the 0-2-year-olds, 288/2,473 [11.6% (10.4-12.9)] in >2-5-year-olds, and, 274/3,140 [8.7% (7.7-9.7)] in >5-14-year-olds. Of 390 enrolled children (median age: 12 months), viruses were identified in 23.3%, occurring singly (15%) or with other viruses (1.3%). RSV was the most common virus (12.6%), followed by influenza (6.6%) and SARS-CoV-2 (0.77%). Influenza subtypes included IA/H3 (50%), IA/H1N1pdm2009 (34.6%) and IB (15.4%). IA/H1N1pdm09 predominated during the 2022 monsoon, RSV during 2022 autumn and A/H3 and B during 2023 winters. Cough and difficulty breathing were associated with RSV. The major bacteria detected were (55.5%), (29%) and (3.7%). Other viruses were parainfluenza virus 3 (4.4%), bocavirus (3.7%) and adenovirus (3%). Viral-bacterial co-detections were frequent (20%). Seventeen children required hospitalization, with difficulty breathing increasing hospitalization risk (OR = 4.47, 95% CI: 1.67-12). Children with RSV had increased odds of hospitalization (OR = 3.11, 95% CI: 1-9.26).

CONCLUSIONS

The majority of ILI was observed in children aged 0-2 years, with RSV and influenza as major viral causes associated with ILI. RSV increased the risk of hospitalization. These findings contribute to building the evidence base for maternal RSV immunization policy in India.

摘要

背景

下呼吸道感染是儿童发病和死亡的主要原因。本研究记录了印度东部农村地区幼儿流感样疾病（ILI）的发病率和病因。

方法

2022年4月1日至2023年3月31日，我们对西孟加拉邦西米德纳布尔区两家医院儿科诊所就诊的儿童进行了ILI监测。采集了0至2岁ILI儿童的鼻咽拭子，检测流感、呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）和严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒（SARS-CoV-2）；这是呼吸道检测项目的一组代表性样本。

结果

在筛查的9923名0至14岁门诊儿童中，1001名患有ILI，其中439名（44%）为0至2岁儿童。0至2岁儿童的ILI发病率为439/4310[10.2%（95%CI：9.29 - 11.1）]，2至5岁儿童为288/2473[11.6%（10.4 - 12.9）]，5至14岁儿童为274/3140[8.7%（7.7 - 9.7）]。在390名入组儿童（中位年龄：12个月）中，23.3%检测出病毒，病毒单独感染占15%，与其他病毒共同感染占1.3%。RSV是最常见的病毒（12.6%），其次是流感（6.6%）和SARS-CoV-2（0.77%）。流感亚型包括IA/H3（50%）、IA/H1N1pdm2009（34.6%）和IB（15.4%）。IA/H1N1pdm09在2022年季风季节占主导，RSV在2022年秋季占主导，A/H(此处原文缺失细菌名称)和B在2023年冬季占主导。咳嗽和呼吸困难与RSV有关。检测到的主要细菌是(此处原文缺失细菌名称)(55.5%)、(此处原文缺失细菌名称)(29%)和(此处原文缺失细菌名称)(3.7%)。其他病毒是副流感病毒3型（4.4%）、博卡病毒（3.7%）和腺病毒（3%）。病毒与细菌的共同检测很常见（20%）。17名儿童需要住院治疗，呼吸困难增加了住院风险（OR = 4.47，95%CI：1.67 - 12）。感染RSV的儿童住院几率增加（OR = 3.11，95%CI：1 - 9.26）。