Completeness and Quality of Data for Children in Medicaid Comprehensive Managed Care Compared to Fee-for-Service, 2001-2019.

OBJECTIVE

To compare the data in national Medicaid research files for children enrolled in comprehensive managed care (CMC) vs. fee-for-service (FFS).

STUDY SETTING AND DESIGN

This observational study utilized inpatient, other services, and pharmacy files in national Medicaid data from 2001 to 2019. CMC-enrolled children in state-years with ≥ 10% CMC enrollment were compared on several measures to yearly FFS data across all available states. Completeness measures were the proportion with any claim and mean claims per enrollee. Quality measures were the proportion of inpatient and other services claims with primary diagnosis and procedure codes and the proportion of prescription claims with fill dates, National Drug Codes, days supplied, and quantity dispensed. The range of acceptable values for each measure was defined as overall FFS mean ± 2 standard deviations.

DATA SOURCES AND ANALYTIC SAMPLE

We analyzed secondary MAX/TAF data on 45 states from 2001 to 2013 and 50 states and DC from 2014 to 2019. The sample included children ages 0-17 with continuous calendar-year enrollment in Medicaid and/or Medicaid-expansion CHIP with full Medicaid benefits and not dually enrolled in Medicare.

PRINCIPAL FINDINGS

The sample included 368.7 million person-years across 888 state-years. Three hundred thirty-eight state-years (38.1%) had < 10% CMC enrollment. Of 550 remaining state-years, 70%, representing ~59% of all enrolled children, met criteria for both completeness and quality in all three files, increasing from 35.7% of states in 2001 to 83.8% of states in 2019. The percentages of state-years with comparable CMC/FFS data for completeness measures were 92.7% inpatient, 86.0% other services, and 87.3% prescription. For quality measures, these proportions were 88.5% inpatient, 95.6% other services, and 96.9% prescription.

CONCLUSIONS

Growth in Medicaid-managed care over the last two decades, coupled with observed improvements in CMC data quality, presents opportunities to increase the sample size and scope of epidemiologic and health services research on publicly insured children.