Xie Qiangsheng, Wang Weijian, Gao Tianyang, Diao Feiyan, Hu Wenyue, Wu Xiaoyun, Li Silong, Shi Feng, Gong Liping, Li Qiyan, Zhai Guangxi
Health Food and Cosmetic Department, Shandong Institute for Food and Drug Control, Jinan, Shandong 250101, People's Republic of China; Department of Pharmaceutics School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University Jinan 250101, People's Republic of China; Industrial Technology Foundation Public Service Platform, Jinan, Shandong, 250101, People's Republic of China.
Health Food and Cosmetic Department, Shandong Institute for Food and Drug Control, Jinan, Shandong 250101, People's Republic of China; Industrial Technology Foundation Public Service Platform, Jinan, Shandong, 250101, People's Republic of China.
J Food Prot. 2025 Jun 23;88(7):100553. doi: 10.1016/j.jfp.2025.100553. Epub 2025 Jun 2.
The commercial value and diversified applications of donkey hide gelatin (DHG) have precipitated sophisticated adulteration practices, particularly with camel-hide gelatin substitutes. We present a mass spectrometry-based strategy to authenticate species-specific collagen peptides in commercial DHG. A new qualitative and quantitative methodology is constructed for camel hide gelatin(CHG) material analysis in DHG. It consists of enzyme-mediated digestion, ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC), and triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (MS/MS) with multireaction monitoring (MRM) mode. In brief, the samples were digested with trypsin and subjected to efficient and quick separation by UHPLC, and MS/MS performed CHG identification and determination analysis. Two peptides (Camel peptide A, CPA, and Camel peptide B, CPB) were identified as CHG-specific peptides. A specificity test was then used to verify these two peptides. The method performance showed that these two peptides could distinguish CHG from other animal hide gelatins. The CPA and CPB detection limits were 5 μg/kg and 3 μg/kg, respectively. LC-MS/MS analysis detected CPA and CPB in 4.5% of market-collected DHG samples (n = 157), confirming the prevalence of this emerging adulteration practice. Thus, the present protocol is a sensitive, accurate, quick, and suitable application of species-specific peptide biomarkers, ensuring the quality of DHG products and making them authentic and traceable to protect consumers from potential health risks and food frauds.
阿胶（DHG）的商业价值和多样化应用催生了复杂的掺假行为，尤其是用骆驼皮明胶替代品进行掺假。我们提出了一种基于质谱的策略，用于鉴定市售阿胶中特定物种的胶原蛋白肽。构建了一种新的定性和定量方法，用于阿胶中骆驼皮明胶（CHG）材料分析。它包括酶介导消化、超高效液相色谱（UHPLC）和采用多反应监测（MRM）模式的三重四极杆质谱（MS/MS）。简而言之，样品用胰蛋白酶消化，通过UHPLC进行高效快速分离，然后MS/MS进行CHG鉴定和定量分析。鉴定出两种肽（骆驼肽A，CPA，和骆驼肽B，CPB）为CHG特异性肽。然后用特异性试验验证这两种肽。方法性能表明，这两种肽可以将CHG与其他动物皮明胶区分开来。CPA和CPB的检测限分别为5μg/kg和3μg/kg。LC-MS/MS分析在4.5%的市售阿胶样品（n = 157）中检测到CPA和CPB，证实了这种新出现的掺假行为的普遍性。因此，本方案是一种灵敏、准确、快速且适用的特定物种肽生物标志物应用，可确保阿胶产品的质量，使其真实可追溯，以保护消费者免受潜在健康风险和食品欺诈。
