Zhao Jin-Wei, Zhao Wei-Yi, Zhao Meng, Yu Lu
Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery of Second Hospital of Jilin University, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
Front Nutr. 2025 May 21;11:1499697. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1499697. eCollection 2024.
Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) has become a serious public health issue worldwide. Many drugs (chemotherapy drugs, fever-reducing medications, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, immunosuppressants, antibiotics, antivirals, and antineoplastic drugs, etc.) may cause liver damage and potentially lead to acute liver failure (ALF). There is an urgent need to develop effective treatment programs for DILI. Here, the epidemiology, pathogenesis and molecular mechanisms of DILI, the reported functional foods and dietary bioactive constituents, such as phenols, flavonoids, glycosides, terpenes, and carotenoids, isolated from food (legumes, nuts, grains, fruits, spices and vegetables, etc.) and their protective mechanisms against DILI are summarized and classified. Research shows that antipyretic and analgesic drugs (such as acetaminophen) are the most common causes of drug-induced liver injury (DILI). Compounds derived from food, particularly flavonoids, have been extensively studied for their ability to alleviate liver damage caused by acetaminophen. They exert significant hepatoprotective effects by preventing mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress, as well as inhibiting inflammation. However, reducing the toxicity of food-derived compounds and improving their solubility and bioavailability in the treatment of drug-induced liver injury remain current and future challenges to address. Future research on and application of anti-DILI dietary bioactive compounds are also needed. Overall, this review may provide insights into the potential use of functional foods and dietary bioactive compounds in the treatment of DILI.
药物性肝损伤（DILI）已成为全球范围内严重的公共卫生问题。许多药物（化疗药物、退烧药、非甾体抗炎药、免疫抑制剂、抗生素、抗病毒药和抗肿瘤药等）可能会导致肝损伤，并有可能引发急性肝衰竭（ALF）。迫切需要开发针对DILI的有效治疗方案。在此，对DILI的流行病学、发病机制和分子机制、从食物（豆类、坚果、谷物、水果、香料和蔬菜等）中分离出的已报道的功能性食品和膳食生物活性成分（如酚类、黄酮类、糖苷类、萜类和类胡萝卜素等）及其对DILI的保护机制进行了总结和分类。研究表明，解热镇痛药（如对乙酰氨基酚）是药物性肝损伤（DILI）最常见的病因。源自食物的化合物，尤其是黄酮类化合物，因其减轻对乙酰氨基酚所致肝损伤的能力而受到广泛研究。它们通过预防线粒体功能障碍和氧化应激以及抑制炎症发挥显著的肝脏保护作用。然而，降低食物源性化合物的毒性并提高其在药物性肝损伤治疗中的溶解度和生物利用度仍是当前和未来需要应对的挑战。还需要对抗DILI膳食生物活性化合物进行进一步研究和应用。总体而言，本综述可能为功能性食品和膳食生物活性化合物在DILI治疗中的潜在应用提供见解。
