Wang Qiao, Zeng Ziling, Guo Linlin, Williams Kent E, Zhang Yun, Tang Hongmei, Hu Hang, Qin Gang, Wang Kaijin, Wang Xing
Inflammation & Allergic Diseases Research Unit, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States.
Front Pharmacol. 2025 May 21;16:1531302. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2025.1531302. eCollection 2025.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic respiratory disease that leads to death and disability worldwide, and it is caused by hereditary and environmental factors. It is characterized by chronic inflammation, emphysema, and irreversible limitation of airflow. Dual or triple therapy with a traditional approach can provide relief from COPD symptoms by reducing the frequency and severity of the outbreaks, but there are no current therapies to reverse the long-term decline in lung function. Although ICS rescue inhalers demonstrate efficacy in acute attacks, these cannot be utilized for chronic management of COPD due to adverse effects. Therefore, novel agents and therapeutic strategies are urgently needed to address this disease. It is believed that malfunctioning mitochondria are associated with COPD pathogenesis, contributing to inflammation, apoptosis, and cellular senescence. A better understanding of these mechanisms could provide novel therapeutic approaches for maintaining lung and skeletal muscle function. Many natural extract compounds show therapeutic potential for COPD and are associated with few adverse reactions. Notably, these natural compounds can improve mitochondrial function and exhibit a variety of anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory properties. In this review, we systemically summarize the pathogenic role of impaired mitochondria in COPD and the potential mechanisms by which natural extract compounds may ameliorate these impairments.
慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）是一种在全球范围内导致死亡和残疾的慢性呼吸道疾病，由遗传和环境因素引起。其特征为慢性炎症、肺气肿以及气流的不可逆受限。采用传统方法进行双重或三重治疗可通过减少发作频率和严重程度来缓解COPD症状，但目前尚无疗法能逆转肺功能的长期下降。尽管吸入性糖皮质激素（ICS）急救吸入器在急性发作中显示出疗效，但由于不良反应，这些药物不能用于COPD的长期管理。因此，迫切需要新型药物和治疗策略来应对这种疾病。据信，线粒体功能异常与COPD发病机制相关，会导致炎症、细胞凋亡和细胞衰老。更好地理解这些机制可为维持肺和骨骼肌功能提供新的治疗方法。许多天然提取物化合物显示出对COPD的治疗潜力，且不良反应较少。值得注意的是，这些天然化合物可改善线粒体功能，并具有多种抗炎、抗氧化和免疫调节特性。在本综述中，我们系统地总结了线粒体功能受损在COPD中的致病作用以及天然提取物化合物可能改善这些损伤的潜在机制。
