Calle-González Natalie, Rivero Jose-Luis L, Olivares Joaquín, Miró Francisco, Argüelles David, Requena Francisco, Munoz Ana
Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain.
Equine Sports Medicine Center CEMEDE, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain.
Front Vet Sci. 2025 May 21;12:1570120. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2025.1570120. eCollection 2025.
Capacitive-resistive electrical transfer (CRET) is an endogenous non-invasive technique, used as deep diathermy. We pursue to analyze the temperature changes by applying different CRET protocols in the thoracolumbar spine of horses, between thoracic vertebrae 15 and lumbar 2.
Ten clinically sound horses without thoracolumbar pain underwent various CRET protocols applied to a standardized thoracolumbar region (T15-L2). The protocols included sham (device off), low intensity (LIP, 5%), medium intensity (MIP, 30%), and high intensity (HIP, 40%). The HIP protocol was further divided into two-subprotocols based on the application of a subsequent low-intensity capacitive therapy: HIP+CAP (with capacitive therapy) and HIP-wCAP (without capacitive therapy). Skin minimum (Tmin), maximum (Tmax), and mean (Tmed) temperatures were assessed by thermography in degrees Celsius (°C) at assigned measurement times during application, and for 30 min post-therapy application.
No significant differences in Tmed and Tmax were found between sham and LIP protocols in any of the measurement times. During application, there were no significant differences between MIP and HIP protocols, but during the first 15 min after application, Tmed and Tmax were significantly higher in the HIP+CAP protocol (median and [interquartile ranges], 29.17°C [28.20-31.5°C]; 31.70°C [29.50-33.10°C]) compared to MIP (25.36°C [23.41-26.98°C]; = 0.002; 27.58°C [26.15-28.10°C]; = 0.001) and to HIP-wCAP (25.48°C [23.12-26.21°C]; = 0.001; 28.22°C [27.10-29.21°C]; = 0.004). At 30 min after CRET, Tmed and Tmax remained significantly higher in HIP+CAP (26.68°C [24.75-28.19°C]; 29.23°C [28.18-31.21°C]) compared to sham (23.16°C [22.11-25.23°C], = 0.022; 25.15°C [23.12-27.10°C]; = 0.001), and LIP (24.25°C [22.13-25.34°C], = 0.023; 26.22°C [24.23-27.34°C]; = 0.034).
Skin temperature was measured, rather than using invasive techniques involving the insertion of thermal probes into muscles. Skin thickness and hair density may have affected temperature measurements.
Low-intensity CRET induced similar temperatures compared to sham. Moderate and high-intensity protocols produced similar temperature increases; despite high-intensity sessions were limited to 10 min due to horse tolerance. Shorter high-intensity treatments may be easier to apply and adding a short time of low-intensity capacity therapy after high-intensity protocols, may help maintain elevated temperatures for longer periods of time, without significantly increasing the duration of therapy.
容阻电传输（CRET）是一种内源性非侵入性技术，用作深层透热疗法。我们旨在分析在马的胸腰椎（第15胸椎至第2腰椎之间）应用不同CRET方案时的温度变化。
10匹无胸腰椎疼痛的临床健康马匹在标准化的胸腰椎区域（T15-L2）接受了各种CRET方案。这些方案包括假治疗（设备关闭）、低强度（LIP，5%）、中等强度（MIP，30%）和高强度（HIP，40%）。基于随后应用的低强度电容疗法，HIP方案进一步分为两个子方案：HIP+CAP（有电容疗法）和HIP-wCAP（无电容疗法）。在应用过程中的指定测量时间以及治疗后30分钟，通过热成像以摄氏度（°C）评估皮肤最低温度（Tmin）、最高温度（Tmax）和平均温度（Tmed）。
在任何测量时间，假治疗和LIP方案之间的Tmed和Tmax均未发现显著差异。在应用过程中，MIP和HIP方案之间没有显著差异，但在应用后的前15分钟内，与MIP（25.36°C [23.41-26.98°C]；P = 0.002；27.58°C [26.15-28.10°C]；P = 0.001）和HIP-wCAP（25.48°C [23.12-26.21°C]；P = 0.001；28.22°C [27.10-29.21°C]；P = 0.004）相比，HIP+CAP方案的Tmed和Tmax显著更高（中位数和[四分位间距]，29.17°C [28.20-31.5°C]；31.70°C [29.50-33.10°C]）。在CRET后30分钟，与假治疗（23.16°C [22.11-25.23°C]，P = 0.022；25.15°C [23.12-27.10°C]；P = 0.001）和LIP（24.25°C [22.13-25.34°C]，P = 0.023；26.22°C [24.23-27.34°C]；P = 0.034）相比，HIP+CAP方案的Tmed和Tmax仍然显著更高（26.68°C [24.75-28.19°C]；29.23°C [根据上下文，此处疑似有误，原文为29.23°C [28.18-31.21°C]；28.18-31.21°C]）。
测量的是皮肤温度，而非使用将热探头插入肌肉的侵入性技术。皮肤厚度和毛发密度可能影响了温度测量。
与假治疗相比，低强度CRET诱导的温度相似。中等强度和高强度方案产生的温度升高相似；尽管由于马匹耐受性，高强度疗程限制为10分钟。较短的高强度治疗可能更易于应用，并且在高强度方案后添加短时间的低强度电容疗法，可能有助于使温度在更长时间内保持升高，而不会显著增加治疗持续时间。
