Salles Márcia Saladini Vieira, Figueiroa Fábio José Ferreira, Simili Flávia Fernanda, Netto Arlindo Saran
Animal Science Institute, Av. Bandeirantes, 2419, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 13635-900, Brazil.
Department of Animal Science, School of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Avenida Duque de Caxias Norte, 225, Pirassununga, 13635-900, Brazil.
Trop Anim Health Prod. 2025 Jun 5;57(5):247. doi: 10.1007/s11250-025-04480-x.
The suckling phase of calves is crucial within the production system. This study aimed to examine the metabolism of selenium and iron, and nutrient digestibility in calves challenged with Anaplasma marginale and supplemented with selenium (Se), vitamin E, and iron (Fe). The experiment was conducted with 33 male Holstein calves inoculated with Anaplasma marginale during the suckling phase, when the animals were 57 ± 5 days of age. The design was completely randomized, with calves allocated to the following treatments: C (control milk replacer, n = 10); SeVitE (milk replacer with 0.6 mg organic selenium/kg + 100 IU vitamin E, n = 11); SeVitEFe (milk replacer with 0.6 mg organic selenium/kg + 100 IU vitamin E + 200 mg Fe chelate/kg, n = 12). Supplemented calves showed higher Se intake, increased urinary concentration, greater Se retention, and higher Se concentrations in the liver and blood. Selenium concentrations in the urine and muscle were higher in SeVitE than in SeVitEFe. Animals receiving SeVitEFe exhibited greater Se retention and higher Se in the blood than SeVitE. Supplemented calves had higher iron concentrations in feces and lower Fe levels in the liver compared to non-supplemented calves. Those supplemented with SeVitEFe had higher Fe intake, lower urinary concentrations, and greater Fe retention compared to SeVitE. Supplementation with selenium, iron, and vitamin E in immunologically challenged suckling calves increased nutrient retention and blood levels without affecting digestibility, demonstrating synergistic interactions between selenium and iron metabolism. These findings reinforce the role of trace mineral nutrition in the health management of early-life dairy calves.
犊牛的哺乳期在生产系统中至关重要。本研究旨在检测感染边缘无浆体并补充硒（Se）、维生素E和铁（Fe）的犊牛体内硒和铁的代谢以及营养物质消化率。实验选用33头雄性荷斯坦犊牛，在其57±5日龄的哺乳期接种边缘无浆体。实验设计为完全随机化，犊牛被分配到以下处理组：C组（对照代乳粉，n = 10）；SeVitE组（含0.6 mg有机硒/kg + 100 IU维生素E的代乳粉，n = 11）；SeVitEFe组（含0.6 mg有机硒/kg + 100 IU维生素E + 200 mg铁螯合物/kg的代乳粉，n = 12）。补充营养的犊牛硒摄入量更高、尿中浓度增加、硒保留量更大，且肝脏和血液中的硒浓度更高。SeVitE组犊牛尿液和肌肉中的硒浓度高于SeVitEFe组。与SeVitE组相比，接受SeVitEFe组的动物硒保留量更大，血液中硒含量更高。与未补充营养的犊牛相比，补充营养的犊牛粪便中铁浓度更高，肝脏中铁水平更低。与SeVitE组相比，补充SeVitEFe组的犊牛铁摄入量更高、尿中浓度更低、铁保留量更大。在免疫应激的哺乳期犊牛中补充硒、铁和维生素E可增加营养物质保留量和血液水平，且不影响消化率，表明硒和铁代谢之间存在协同相互作用。这些发现强化了微量矿物质营养在早期奶牛犊牛健康管理中的作用。
