Li Cairong, Zhang Zhi, Zhu Jinjin, Du Changqing, Jin Hongfeng, Jiang Beimi, Sun Zhikui, Lou Jiangjie, Liu Xiaowei
Department of Cardiology, First People's Hospital of Linping District, Hangzhou, 311100, Zhejiang, P. R. China.
School of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, P. R. China.
Aging Clin Exp Res. 2025 Jun 5;37(1):181. doi: 10.1007/s40520-025-03093-6.
Hypertension is becoming more common worldwide, with a significant portion of the adult population affected and expected to grow substantially in the coming decades. Physical activity is widely recognized as an essential non-pharmacological intervention for managing hypertension. However, there remains controversy regarding the optimal intensity of physical activity, particularly for aged with hypertension.
Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1999-2018) were analyzed, including 5,461 hypertensive participants aged 65 and older. Participants were categorized into three groups based on their physical activity levels: sedentary, moderate, and vigorous. Mortality rates, including all-cause, cardiovascular, and cardio-cerebrovascular mortality, were compared across these groups using multivariate logistic regression models, adjusting for potential confounders.
The study included 5,461 hypertensive participants with a mean age of 74.36 years, split almost evenly by gender. The sedentary group had the highest mean age (74.76 years), while the vigorous activity group was the youngest (72.64 years). The majority (59.85%) were non-Hispanic White, and nearly half (49.86%) had lower incomes. Mortality rates were highest in the sedentary group (37.63% all-cause, 11.01% cardiovascular, 13.19% cardio-cerebrovascular). The vigorous activity group showed no significant reduction in mortality compared to the moderate activity group.
Vigorous physical activity does not confer additional mortality benefits over moderate physical activity in older hypertensive patients and may even pose risks in certain subgroups. These findings suggest that moderate physical activity may be more appropriate for this population, emphasizing the need for individualized exercise recommendations.
高血压在全球范围内日益普遍，成年人口中有很大一部分受到影响，并且预计在未来几十年内将大幅增加。体育活动被广泛认为是管理高血压的一种重要的非药物干预措施。然而，关于体育活动的最佳强度仍存在争议，尤其是对于老年高血压患者。
分析了美国国家健康与营养检查调查（1999 - 2018年）的数据，其中包括5461名65岁及以上的高血压参与者。参与者根据其体育活动水平分为三组：久坐不动组、中等活动组和剧烈活动组。使用多变量逻辑回归模型比较这些组的死亡率，包括全因死亡率、心血管死亡率和心脑血管死亡率，并对潜在的混杂因素进行调整。
该研究纳入了5461名高血压参与者，平均年龄为74.36岁，性别分布几乎均匀。久坐不动组的平均年龄最高（74.76岁），而剧烈活动组最年轻（72.64岁）。大多数（59.85%）是非西班牙裔白人，近一半（49.86%）收入较低。久坐不动组的死亡率最高（全因死亡率37.63%，心血管死亡率11.01%，心脑血管死亡率13.19%）。与中等活动组相比，剧烈活动组的死亡率没有显著降低。
在老年高血压患者中，剧烈体育活动并没有比中等体育活动带来更多的死亡益处，甚至在某些亚组中可能存在风险。这些发现表明，中等体育活动可能更适合该人群，强调了个性化运动建议的必要性。
