Lee Danielle J, Balaji Shragvi, Rotter Jerome I, Wood Alexis C
Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Houston, TX 77030, United States.
The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA 90502, United States.
Nutr Rev. 2025 Jul 1;83(7):1374-1377. doi: 10.1093/nutrit/nuaf059.
Diet is a major modifiable risk factor for type 2 diabetes (T2D), and suboptimal diets continue to contribute substantially to the population burden of T2D. Personalized nutrition proponents argue that specializing recommendations to interindividual differences in diet-health relationships will yield reductions in disease risk. However, how to personalize diet, and to whom, to reduce T2D risk remains unclear. Metabolites offer promise in this respect, as they capture (in part) dietary intake after the processes of digestion, processing, and absorption. The incorporation of metabolite data into diet-health studies therefore offers the opportunity to examine how the effects of food on the metabolome differ between individuals, and the extent that these differences give rise to differential diet-health associations. Ultimately, such studies hold promise for identifying personalized nutrition strategies to reduce the population-level burden of T2D.
饮食是2型糖尿病（T2D）的一个主要可改变风险因素，而不合理的饮食仍然是T2D人群负担的主要原因。个性化营养的支持者认为，根据个体间饮食与健康关系的差异制定专门的建议将降低疾病风险。然而，如何个性化饮食以及针对哪些人来降低T2D风险仍不明确。代谢物在这方面具有潜力，因为它们（部分）反映了消化、加工和吸收过程后的饮食摄入量。因此，将代谢物数据纳入饮食与健康研究，为研究食物对代谢组的影响在个体间如何不同，以及这些差异在多大程度上导致不同的饮食与健康关联提供了机会。最终，此类研究有望确定个性化营养策略，以减轻T2D的人群负担。
