Department of Nutrition, King's College London, London, UK.
School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
Nat Med. 2020 Jun;26(6):964-973. doi: 10.1038/s41591-020-0934-0. Epub 2020 Jun 11.
Metabolic responses to food influence risk of cardiometabolic disease, but large-scale high-resolution studies are lacking. We recruited n = 1,002 twins and unrelated healthy adults in the United Kingdom to the PREDICT 1 study and assessed postprandial metabolic responses in a clinical setting and at home. We observed large inter-individual variability (as measured by the population coefficient of variation (s.d./mean, %)) in postprandial responses of blood triglyceride (103%), glucose (68%) and insulin (59%) following identical meals. Person-specific factors, such as gut microbiome, had a greater influence (7.1% of variance) than did meal macronutrients (3.6%) for postprandial lipemia, but not for postprandial glycemia (6.0% and 15.4%, respectively); genetic variants had a modest impact on predictions (9.5% for glucose, 0.8% for triglyceride, 0.2% for C-peptide). Findings were independently validated in a US cohort (n = 100 people). We developed a machine-learning model that predicted both triglyceride (r = 0.47) and glycemic (r = 0.77) responses to food intake. These findings may be informative for developing personalized diet strategies. The ClinicalTrials.gov registration identifier is NCT03479866.
进食后的代谢反应会影响患心脏代谢疾病的风险，但目前缺乏大规模的高分辨率研究。我们在英国招募了 1002 对双胞胎和无关的健康成年人参加 PREDICT 1 研究，并在临床和家庭环境中评估了餐后的代谢反应。我们观察到，在进食相同的餐后，个体之间的餐后血脂（甘油三酯：103%，葡萄糖：68%，胰岛素：59%）反应存在较大的个体差异（以人群变异系数（标准差/平均值，%）来衡量）。个体特有的因素（如肠道微生物组）对餐后血脂的影响（占变异的 7.1%）大于膳食宏量营养素（3.6%），但对餐后血糖（分别为 6.0%和 15.4%）的影响则较小；遗传变异对预测结果有一定影响（葡萄糖为 9.5%，甘油三酯为 0.8%，C 肽为 0.2%）。这些发现在美国队列中得到了独立验证（n=100 人）。我们开发了一种机器学习模型，可以预测进食后甘油三酯（r=0.47）和血糖（r=0.77）的反应。这些发现可能有助于制定个性化的饮食策略。临床试验注册号为 NCT03479866。
