Meisenheimer John, Sobotka Michelle, Yang Ronald, Dellavalle Robert P
Department of Internal Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine University of South Florida Tampa Florida USA.
Midwestern University Arizona College of Osteopathic Medicine Glendale Arizona USA.
Cochrane Evid Synth Methods. 2024 Jun 27;2(7):e12092. doi: 10.1002/cesm.12092. eCollection 2024 Jul.
There is a growing body of evidence that ultraviolet (UV) tanning, whether practiced in indoor tanning salons or outdoors in the sun, is not only linked to detrimental health outcomes but is also addictive through both psychological and physiological mechanisms. In clinical practice, it can be challenging to determine which patients will continue tanning despite being at high risk for developing skin cancer. Our study seeks to identify all available screening questionnaires for tanning addiction that could be used in clinical practice and report on published measures of validity for each screening questionnaire.
An exhaustive literature search of EMBASE, PubMed, PsycINFO, and Scopus was performed using search criteria including the concepts "UV" and "Addiction." The most recent search was performed in March 2024 and included all articles from database inception to the time of the search. Studies were included if they reported on screening questionnaires for UV addiction. Articles were excluded from the study if they did not report primary data or did not report on measures of questionnaire validity. Methodology was created using best practices for scoping reviews.
After identifying 171 articles, 106 articles underwent full-text review, and 26 were included in data extraction. We identified nine questionnaires for tanning addiction, with the modified Cut-down, Annoyed, Guilty, Eye-opener (mCAGE), and modified Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (mDSM) being most frequently reported on, and the Behavioral Addiction Indoor Tanning Screener (BAITS) being the most promising for future use.
This information should be used to choose questionnaires to be studied against a "gold-standard" of a panel of psychologists. After defining accuracy of diagnostic tests, studies can be designed to examine interventions for treating tanning addiction, so at-risk patients can receive specialized therapy, reducing the overall burden of skin cancers.
越来越多的证据表明，无论是在室内日光浴沙龙还是在户外阳光下进行紫外线（UV）晒黑，不仅与有害的健康结果有关，而且通过心理和生理机制具有成瘾性。在临床实践中，确定哪些患者尽管患皮肤癌风险很高仍会继续晒黑可能具有挑战性。我们的研究旨在识别所有可用于临床实践的晒黑成瘾筛查问卷，并报告每个筛查问卷已发表的效度测量结果。
使用包括“紫外线”和“成瘾”等概念的搜索标准，对EMBASE、PubMed、PsycINFO和Scopus进行了详尽的文献检索。最近一次检索于2024年3月进行，包括从数据库建立到检索时的所有文章。如果研究报告了紫外线成瘾的筛查问卷，则将其纳入研究。如果文章未报告原始数据或未报告问卷效度测量结果，则将其排除在研究之外。使用范围综述的最佳实践创建了方法。
在识别出171篇文章后，对106篇文章进行了全文审查，26篇文章被纳入数据提取。我们识别出了九份晒黑成瘾问卷，其中改良的减少量、烦恼、内疚、警醒（mCAGE）和改良的《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》（mDSM）被提及的频率最高，而行为成瘾室内晒黑筛查器（BAITS）在未来使用方面最具前景。
这些信息应用于选择要根据一组心理学家的“金标准”进行研究的问卷。在确定诊断测试的准确性后，可以设计研究来检查治疗晒黑成瘾的干预措施，以便高危患者能够接受专门治疗，从而减轻皮肤癌的总体负担。
