功能性营养保健品作为儿童对抗新冠病毒相关感染的饮食干预措施的免疫调节特性综述。

A review on the immunomodulatory properties of functional nutraceuticals as dietary interventions for children to combat COVID-19 related infections.

作者信息

Soni Swati, Paari Kuppusamy Alagesan

机构信息

Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be) University, Central Campus, Hosur Road, Bangalore, Karnataka 560029 India.

出版信息

Food Prod Process Nutr. 2023;5(1):17. doi: 10.1186/s43014-023-00133-4. Epub 2023 Apr 6.

Abstract

COVID-19 is a significant threat to humanity in the present day due to the rapid increase in the number of infections worldwide. While most children may be spared of the direct mortality effects of the disease, those with weak immune systems are prone to adverse effects. Child mortality increases due to the stress caused to the health care system that disrupts essential health care needs such as immunisation and antenatal care. The use of functional foods (FF) aids in disease-prevention as they are known to have protective effects against COVID-19 by boosting children's cellular and humoral immunity. Plant components such as glycyrrhizin, epigallocatechin gallate, allicin, and fucoidan exhibit antiviral properties against various viruses, including SARS-CoV 2. Microbial foods that are made of probiotics, can enhance immunity against various respiratory viruses. Food enriched with additives such as lactoferrin, piperine, and zinc can boost immunity against COVID-19. With proper definitive drug therapy not available for treating COVID-19 and most of the disease management tools rely on symptoms and non-specific supportive care, developing a functional paediatric formulation will prevent further deterioration in infant health. It is wise to investigate the toxicological aspects of Functional Foods components especially when formulating for children. The safe limits of ingredients should be strictly followed during FFs formulation. Stronger regulations with advanced analytical techniques can help to formulate functional foods into the mainstream in child nutraceuticals. The purpose of this review is to compile collective information on the functional nutraceuticals specifically for infants and children up to the age of 10 years that could confer immunity against COVID-19 and other related viruses.

摘要

由于全球感染人数的迅速增加,新冠病毒在当今对人类构成了重大威胁。虽然大多数儿童可能免受该疾病直接导致死亡的影响,但免疫系统较弱的儿童容易出现不良反应。由于对医疗保健系统造成压力,扰乱了免疫接种和产前护理等基本医疗保健需求,儿童死亡率上升。功能性食品(FF)有助于预防疾病,因为众所周知它们通过增强儿童的细胞免疫和体液免疫对新冠病毒具有保护作用。甘草酸、表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯、大蒜素和岩藻依聚糖等植物成分对包括SARS-CoV 2在内的各种病毒具有抗病毒特性。由益生菌制成的微生物食品可以增强对各种呼吸道病毒的免疫力。富含乳铁蛋白、胡椒碱和锌等添加剂的食物可以增强对新冠病毒的免疫力。由于目前尚无用于治疗新冠病毒的适当确定性药物疗法,且大多数疾病管理工具依赖于症状和非特异性支持治疗,开发一种功能性儿科制剂将防止婴儿健康状况进一步恶化。明智的做法是研究功能性食品成分的毒理学方面,尤其是在为儿童配方时。在功能性食品配方过程中应严格遵循成分的安全限度。采用先进分析技术制定更严格的法规有助于将功能性食品纳入儿童营养保健品的主流。本综述的目的是汇编有关专门针对10岁及以下婴儿和儿童的功能性营养保健品的综合信息,这些营养保健品可以赋予对新冠病毒和其他相关病毒的免疫力。

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