Khaled Salma Mawfek, Amro Iman, Bader Lina, Woodruff Peter, Alabdulla Majid A, Bellaj Tarek, Marzouk Yousri, Hasan Youssef, Al-Kaabi Ibrahim M, Haddad Peter M
Social and Economic Survey Research Institute -SESRI, Qatar University, P.O. Box: 2713, Doha, Qatar.
Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar.
Discov Psychol. 2021;1(1):9. doi: 10.1007/s44202-021-00009-z. Epub 2021 Dec 20.
There is limited data from Arabic-speaking countries on risk factors for depression and anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic. Country-specific data is necessary given differences in culture, demographics, and COVID-19 infection and mortality rates. The main purpose of the study is to identify the factors associated with symptoms of depression-anxiety in the adult population of Qatar during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. We conducted a cross-sectional online survey in Qatar between July and December 2020 after Qatar's first COVID-19 wave and before the beginning of the second wave. Depression-anxiety was defined as a cut-off of 20 or higher on the Patient Health Questionnaire-Anxiety Depression Scale (PHQ-ADS). Of 1138 participants, 71.0% were female, 69.0% Arabs, 70.0% Non-Qataris, and 77.0% were < 40 years (the median age in Qatar is 32 years). In a fully-adjusted model, six variables were significantly associated with moderate-to-severe levels of depression or anxiety on the PHQ-ADS; Arab ethnicity (OR = 1.67, p = 0.026), never married versus married (OR = 1.69, p = 0.015), prior history of psychiatric disorder versus no history (OR = 1.80, p = 0.009), increased worries due to social media use for COVID-related news/updates (OR = 1.72, p = 0.003), a history of COVID-19 (OR = 1.76, p = 0.039), loneliness (OR = 1.91, p < 0.001), and lower levels of religiosity (OR = 0.96, p = 0.039). These associations also pertained in the reduced model, with the exception of religiosity which was only marginally statistically significant (OR = 0.97, p = 0.055). The potential risk factors identified may assist with anxiety and depression prevention in future COVID-19 waves, and similar national events, and assist with early intervention to treat sufferers.
The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s44202-021-00009-z.
来自阿拉伯语国家的关于新冠疫情期间抑郁和焦虑风险因素的数据有限。鉴于文化、人口统计学以及新冠感染率和死亡率的差异，特定国家的数据很有必要。本研究的主要目的是确定在新冠疫情第一年卡塔尔成年人群中与抑郁 - 焦虑症状相关的因素。在卡塔尔首次出现新冠疫情高峰后的2020年7月至12月期间，且在第二波疫情开始之前，我们在卡塔尔进行了一项横断面在线调查。抑郁 - 焦虑被定义为患者健康问卷 - 焦虑抑郁量表（PHQ - ADS）得分达到20分及以上。在1138名参与者中，71.0%为女性，69.0%为阿拉伯人，70.0%为非卡塔尔人，77.0%年龄小于40岁（卡塔尔的中位年龄为32岁）。在一个完全调整模型中，有六个变量与PHQ - ADS上的中度至重度抑郁或焦虑水平显著相关；阿拉伯族裔（OR = 1.67，p = 0.026），未婚与已婚相比（OR = 1.69，p = 0.015），有精神疾病病史与无病史相比（OR = 1.80，p = 0.009），因使用社交媒体获取新冠相关新闻/更新而增加的担忧（OR = 1.72，p = 0.003），新冠病史（OR = 1.76，p = 0.039），孤独感（OR = 1.91，p < 0.001），以及较低的宗教虔诚度（OR = 0.96，p = 0.039）。这些关联在简化模型中也成立，但宗教虔诚度除外，其仅在统计学上有微弱显著性（OR = 0.97，p = 0.055）。所确定的潜在风险因素可能有助于在未来的新冠疫情波次以及类似的全国性事件中预防焦虑和抑郁，并有助于对患者进行早期干预治疗。
在线版本包含可在10.1007/s44202 - 021 - 00009 - z获取的补充材料。
