Klebaner Samuel, Voy-Gillis Anaïs
Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, CEPN UMR 7234 CNRS, Villetaneuse, France.
Université de Poitiers, CEREGE EA 1722, Poitiers, France.
Rev Evol Polit Econ. 2022 Jul 29:1-26. doi: 10.1007/s43253-022-00089-0.
The aim of this article is to analyse how the current design and governance of French industrial policy is impeding technical and economic change. Industrial policy needs to address the "grand challenges" such as climate change by driving radically new economic and technical development. After analysing recent trends and the various stakeholders and levels involved in industrial policymaking in France, we show how the complexity; the conflicts between targets, instruments and stakeholders and the capture of industrial policymaking lead to inertia rather than change. The participation of incumbents at every stage of the policymaking reinforces short-term business strategies rather than creating a radical new path. We consider that a multi-level industrial democracy could enable the conditions of change to ensure sustainable industrial development. This requires reviewing the roles of each stakeholder, the way that funds are allocated, and how the implementation of these public policies is monitored.
本文旨在分析法国产业政策当前的设计与治理如何阻碍技术和经济变革。产业政策需要通过推动全新的经济和技术发展来应对气候变化等“重大挑战”。在分析了法国产业政策制定的近期趋势以及所涉及的各种利益相关者和层面后，我们展示了其复杂性、目标、手段和利益相关者之间的冲突以及产业政策制定被捕获是如何导致惰性而非变革的。在位者在政策制定的每个阶段的参与强化了短期商业策略，而非创造一条全新的激进道路。我们认为，多层次的产业民主能够创造变革条件，以确保可持续的产业发展。这需要审视每个利益相关者的角色、资金分配方式以及这些公共政策的实施监督方式。
