1990年至2021年10至24岁青少年和青年饮食失调的全球、区域和国家负担：一项趋势分析。
Global, regional, and national burdens of eating disorder in adolescents and young adults aged 10-24 years from 1990 to 2021: A trend analysis.
作者信息
Liu Keke, Gao Ruoyi, Kuang Huining, E Ranbo, Zhang Chenyu, Guo Xin
机构信息
School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, No.10, West Toujiao, Right Anmenwai, Fengtai District, Beijing 100069, People's Republic of China; School Health Center, Beijing Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 16, Hepingli Middle Street, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100000, People's Republic of China.
School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, No.10, West Toujiao, Right Anmenwai, Fengtai District, Beijing 100069, People's Republic of China; Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No.155 Changbai Road, Beijing 102206, People's Republic of China.
出版信息
J Affect Disord. 2025 Nov 1;388:119596. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2025.119596. Epub 2025 Jun 4.
BACKGROUND
Eating disorders significantly impact adolescents and young adults globally, yet comprehensive data on their burden and trends are limited. This study aimed to analyze trends in eating disorders among individuals aged 10-24 years worldwide.
METHODS
Using data from the Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD) 2021, we analyzed prevalence, incidence, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) for eating disorders (anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa) across 204 countries and regions from 1990 to 2021. Trends were assessed by age, sex, and sociodemographic index (SDI). Bayesian age-period-cohort models (BAPC) predicted future burden up to 2035.
RESULTS
Between 1990 and 2021, the global age-standardized prevalence rate of eating disorders increased from 300.73 to 354.72 per 100,000 population (EAPC: 0.57). Incidence and DALY rates also rose. Australasia had the highest burden, while East Asia saw the largest increase. High SDI regions bore the greatest burden, with countries like Australia and Monaco reporting the highest rates. Women had an 85.89 % higher prevalence than men, but men showed faster increases. Individuals aged 20-24 years had the highest burden and fastest growth. Burden estimates were positively associated with SDI levels. Projections suggest rates will continue rising through 2035.
CONCLUSION
The global burden of eating disorders among adolescents and young adults is increasing. Urgent, targeted interventions are needed to address this growing public health issue. However, limitations include potential underreporting in underdeveloped areas, temporal bias in prevalence rates, and exclusion of binge eating disorder (BED) and other specific eating disorders.
背景
饮食失调对全球青少年和年轻人产生了重大影响，但关于其负担和趋势的全面数据有限。本研究旨在分析全球10至24岁人群饮食失调的趋势。
方法
利用《2021年全球疾病负担研究》（GBD 2021）的数据，我们分析了1990年至2021年期间204个国家和地区饮食失调（神经性厌食症和神经性贪食症）的患病率、发病率和伤残调整生命年（DALYs）。通过年龄、性别和社会人口指数（SDI）评估趋势。贝叶斯年龄-时期-队列模型（BAPC）预测了到2035年的未来负担。
结果
1990年至2021年期间，全球饮食失调的年龄标准化患病率从每10万人300.73例增至354.72例（EAPC：0.57）。发病率和DALY率也有所上升。澳大拉西亚地区负担最重，而东亚地区增长幅度最大。高SDI地区负担最重，澳大利亚和摩纳哥等国家报告的发病率最高。女性患病率比男性高85.89%，但男性增长更快。20至24岁的人群负担最重且增长最快。负担估计与SDI水平呈正相关。预测表明，到2035年发病率将持续上升。
结论
青少年和年轻人中饮食失调的全球负担正在增加。需要采取紧急、有针对性的干预措施来解决这一日益严重的公共卫生问题。然而，局限性包括欠发达地区可能存在报告不足、患病率存在时间偏差，以及排除了暴饮暴食症（BED）和其他特定饮食失调症。
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