Andargie Endalkachew Gugsa, Ferede Wubet Tizazu, Dejenie Tadesse Asmamaw, Gebremedhin Markeshaw Tiruneh, Dessie Gashaw, Alemu Bewketu Abebe, Teferi Banchamlak, Molla Tewodros Shibabaw
Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
Department of Pathology, University of Gondar Specialized Hospital, Gondar, Ethiopia.
Clin Nutr ESPEN. 2025 Aug;68:567-574. doi: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2025.05.028. Epub 2025 Jun 4.
Despite baseline investigation before the start of therapeutic management, patients being treated for pulmonary tuberculosis often suffer from liver injury due to the effects of anti-tuberculosis drugs, particularly isoniazid (INH) and rifampin (RIF). However, there is no treatment against the hepatotoxic effect of INH and RIF. Therefore, it is better to focus on medicinal plants for the prevention of liver injury caused by these drugs. Cordia africana has been used traditionally as a treatment for liver related diseases. This study aimed to evaluate the hepatoprotective effect of aqueous extract of Cordia africana leaves against isoniazid and rifampicin-induced liver toxicity in mice.
Cordia africana leaf powder was decocted in water and 30 Swiss albino mice 28.0-35.0 g were grouped into five groups: Group I mice were given 20 ml/kg distilled water and Group II mice were given 75mg/kg INH and 150 mg/kg RIF body weight. Group III, group IV, and group V mice were given, 75 mg/kg INH plus 150 mg/kg RIF in addition to 200 mg/kg extract, 400 mg/kg extract, and 50 mg/kg silymarin respectively. The treatments lasted for 14 days. Blood samples were taken from each study subject for liver biochemical tests. In addition, livers were also taken for histopathological examination.
Compared to Group I, Group II showed a significant increase (P < 0.05) in serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and total bilirubin. This elevation likely dictates the possibility of liver dysfunction or damage. Also, in the groups of mice that were treated with Cordia africana at a dose of 400 mg/kg and silymarin demonstrated that a marked decrease in ALT, AST, ALP and total bilirubin levels. This reduction indicates that both Cordia africana and silymarin might have a protective effect on liver function, especially when compared to Group II which they didn't receive such treatment. The liver index of Group IV mice showed a decrease significantly (P < 0.05) compared to Group II. Besides histopathologic analysis showed that the plant extract at a higher dose did not show inflammation and showed negligible degeneration of hepatocytes and congestion in sinusoids, whereas in the negative control severe degeneration of hepatocytes and moderate inflammation were seen.
From this experiment we found that the aqueous extract of Cordia africana has hepatoprotective effect against isoniazid and rifampicin-induced hepatotoxicity in mice. This protective effect of Cordia africana extract might be due to its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity and could be considered a potential therapeutic option against INH and RIF induced liver injury.
尽管在开始治疗管理之前进行了基线调查，但接受肺结核治疗的患者经常因抗结核药物的作用而遭受肝损伤，尤其是异烟肼（INH）和利福平（RIF）。然而，目前尚无针对INH和RIF肝毒性作用的治疗方法。因此，最好关注药用植物以预防这些药物引起的肝损伤。非洲破布木传统上一直被用于治疗肝脏相关疾病。本研究旨在评估非洲破布木叶水提取物对异烟肼和利福平诱导的小鼠肝毒性的保肝作用。
将非洲破布木叶粉用水煎煮，30只体重28.0 - 35.0 g的瑞士白化小鼠分为五组：第一组小鼠给予20 ml/kg蒸馏水，第二组小鼠给予75mg/kg INH和150 mg/kg RIF体重。第三组、第四组和第五组小鼠分别在给予75 mg/kg INH加150 mg/kg RIF的基础上，再分别给予200 mg/kg提取物、400 mg/kg提取物和50 mg/kg水飞蓟宾。治疗持续14天。从每个研究对象采集血样进行肝脏生化检测。此外，还取肝脏进行组织病理学检查。
与第一组相比，第二组血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶（AST）、碱性磷酸酶（ALP）和总胆红素水平显著升高（P < 0.05）。这种升高可能预示着肝功能障碍或损伤的可能性。同样，在以400 mg/kg剂量给予非洲破布木提取物和水飞蓟宾治疗的小鼠组中，ALT、AST、ALP和总胆红素水平显著降低。这种降低表明非洲破布木提取物和水飞蓟宾可能对肝功能有保护作用，尤其是与未接受此类治疗的第二组相比。与第二组相比，第四组小鼠的肝脏指数显著降低（P < 0.05）。此外，组织病理学分析表明，较高剂量的植物提取物未显示炎症，肝细胞变性和窦状隙充血可忽略不计，而在阴性对照组中可见肝细胞严重变性和中度炎症。
从本实验中我们发现，非洲破布木叶水提取物对异烟肼和利福平诱导的小鼠肝毒性具有保肝作用。非洲破布木提取物的这种保护作用可能归因于其抗炎和抗氧化活性，可被视为针对INH和RIF诱导的肝损伤的潜在治疗选择。
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