Uwizeyimana Jeanne, Musabwasoni Marie Grace Sandra, Wabenya Christine Mbila, Murekatete Winifride, Ishimwe Larissa Flave, Umubyeyi Pacifique, Ngoye Alex Lola Mwana, Uwingabiye Glorieuse, Uhawenimana Thierry Claudien
Rwanda Military Referral and Teaching Hospital, Kigali, Rwanda.
College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda.
BMC Pediatr. 2025 Jun 6;25(1):461. doi: 10.1186/s12887-025-05836-w.
Intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) is a critical issue in premature infants, caused by the rupture of fragile brain blood vessels due to underdeveloped vasculature. IVH severity, graded by the Papile system in 4 grades, significantly impacts neurodevelopmental outcomes. Despite its severity Data on IVH in sub-Saharan Africa, including Rwanda, is limited.
This study aimed to determine the prevalence of IVH and identify contributing factors among premature infants in selected teaching hospitals in Kigali, Rwanda.
A retrospective quantitative study analyzed 416 premature infants admitted to 2 Kigali teaching hospitals from 2020 to 2022. Data on demographics, maternal and neonatal factors, and medical interventions were collected from medical records, and statistical analyses, including chi-square tests and multivariate regression, assessed IVH prevalence and association.
IVH prevalence was 25.0%, with most cases in grades I and II. Significant factors associated with IVH included neonatal transfer, low gestational age, low Apgar scores, low birth weight, respiratory distress syndrome, maternal infections, emergency cesarean sections, and certain invasive medical interventions such as suction and intubation.
This study highlights the complex risk factors for IVH in premature infants, underscoring the need for improved maternal and neonatal care to reduce IVH risk and enhance outcomes. The study’s limitations include its retrospective design, which relies on existing medical records that may contain inaccuracies in documentation, and its focus on data from only two hospitals, potentially limiting the generalizability of the findings. Further research is recommended to validate these results and explore long-term neurological development.
The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12887-025-05836-w.
脑室内出血（IVH）是早产儿面临的一个关键问题，是由于血管系统发育不全导致脆弱的脑血管破裂所致。IVH严重程度按Papile系统分为4级，对神经发育结局有显著影响。尽管其严重性，但撒哈拉以南非洲地区（包括卢旺达）关于IVH的数据有限。
本研究旨在确定卢旺达基加利选定教学医院中早产儿IVH的患病率，并确定相关因素。
一项回顾性定量研究分析了2020年至2022年入住基加利两家教学医院的416例早产儿。从病历中收集了人口统计学、母婴因素和医疗干预的数据，并通过卡方检验和多变量回归等统计分析评估了IVH患病率及其相关性。
IVH患病率为25.0%，大多数病例为I级和II级。与IVH相关的显著因素包括新生儿转运、低胎龄、低阿氏评分、低出生体重、呼吸窘迫综合征、母亲感染、急诊剖宫产以及某些侵入性医疗干预措施，如吸引和插管。
本研究突出了早产儿IVH的复杂危险因素，强调需要改善母婴护理以降低IVH风险并改善结局。该研究的局限性包括其回顾性设计，依赖于可能存在记录不准确的现有病历，以及仅关注两家医院的数据，可能会限制研究结果的普遍性。建议进一步研究以验证这些结果并探索长期神经发育情况。
在线版本包含可在10.1186/s12887 - 025 - 05836 - w获取的补充材料。
