教育与音乐干预以减轻心脏导管插入术患者的焦虑（EMIRA）：干预措施的制定
Education and Music Intervention to Reduce Anxiety (EMIRA) in cardiac catheterization: intervention development.
作者信息
de Carvalho Batista Letícia, de Góes Salvetti Marina, de Cassia Gengo E Silva Butcher Rita
机构信息
School of Nursing, Graduate Program in Adult Health Nursing (PROESA), University of São Paulo, Av. Dr. Eneas de Carvalho Aguiar, 419, São Paulo, SP, 05403-000, Brazil.
Medical-Surgical Nursing Department, School of Nursing, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
出版信息
Pilot Feasibility Stud. 2025 Jun 6;11(1):80. doi: 10.1186/s40814-025-01663-z.
BACKGROUND
Anxiety related to cardiac catheterization (ARCC) is highly prevalent and most severe in the immediate preoperative period. ARCC is associated with increased myocardial oxygen consumption, blood pressure variability, and increased risk of arrhythmias, leading to higher rates of intraoperative complications and worse physical, emotional, and cognitive functioning.
OBJECTIVE
To describe a nurse-led complex intervention (CI) designed to reduce ARCC in adults before a cardiac catheterization (CC).
METHODS
To design the intervention, a concept analysis yielded the identification of ARCC antecedents and attributes, based on which CI components and objectives were determined. For each component, CI procedures, mode of delivery, and dose were established based on empirical evidence. The CI was reported according to the Template for Intervention Description and Replication checklist.
RESULTS
The Education and Music Intervention to Reduce Anxiety (EMIRA) consists of two components. The educational component provides the essential information regarding CC purpose, catheterization laboratory features, and what to expect before, during, and after the procedure. The musical component provides individuals with a feeling of comfort and relaxation. EMIRA is delivered in one 30-min session using an audiovisual format. EMIRA's expected primary outcome is a decreased state anxiety level. Additionally, EMIRA might reduce blood pressure, heart and respiratory rates, and chest pain.
CONCLUSIONS
EMIRA is a CI developed with methodological rigor. Future studies should evaluate the acceptability, feasibility, and efficacy of EMIRA.
背景
与心脏导管插入术相关的焦虑（ARCC）非常普遍，且在术前即刻最为严重。ARCC与心肌耗氧量增加、血压变异性增加以及心律失常风险增加有关，导致术中并发症发生率更高，身体、情绪和认知功能更差。
目的
描述一种由护士主导的综合干预措施（CI），旨在降低成人心脏导管插入术（CC）前的ARCC。
方法
为设计该干预措施，进行了概念分析，确定了ARCC的前因和属性，并据此确定了CI的组成部分和目标。对于每个组成部分，根据经验证据确定了CI程序、实施方式和剂量。根据干预描述与复制核对清单模板报告了该CI。
结果
减少焦虑的教育与音乐干预（EMIRA）由两个部分组成。教育部分提供有关CC目的、导管插入实验室特点以及手术前、中、后的预期情况的基本信息。音乐部分为个人提供舒适和放松的感觉。EMIRA采用视听形式在一次30分钟的课程中进行。EMIRA的预期主要结果是降低状态焦虑水平。此外，EMIRA可能会降低血压、心率和呼吸频率以及胸痛。
结论
EMIRA是一种经过严格方法学开发的CI。未来的研究应评估EMIRA的可接受性、可行性和有效性。
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