Campos-Povea Romina, González-Madrid Enrique, Troncoso-Bravo Tays, Peñaloza Hernán F, González Pablo A, Bueno Susan M, Kalergis Alexis M
Millennium Institute On Immunology and Immunotherapy, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Av. Libertador Bernardo O´Higgins 340, E-8330025, Santiago, Chile.
Departamento de Laboratorios Clínicos, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
Clin Rev Allergy Immunol. 2025 Jun 7;68(1):54. doi: 10.1007/s12016-025-09066-x.
Allergic asthma is a chronic respiratory disorder driven by a T helper type 2 (Th2)-mediated immune response that involves eosinophils and mast cell recruitment to affected tissues, eliciting inflammatory cytokines and IgE production. Typical symptoms in more severe cases include wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, persistent coughing, excessive mucus production, and airway hyperresponsiveness. Current therapies, which focus on suppressing the immune system, mitigate the symptoms but are generally insufficient to address the disease. Mycobacterium bovis bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) platform, initially developed as an attenuated vaccine for tuberculosis (TB), induces a potent T helper type 1 (Th1) polarized immune response, making it a promising candidate for treating Th2-dominant conditions, such as allergic asthma, ultimately alleviating the symptoms. BCG can be genetically modified to express antigens of other pathogens or immunogenic proteins, such as IL-12p70. In this review, we examine the potential of BCG as a novel therapeutic platform for allergic asthma, focusing on its ability to modulate the immune response via IL-12.
过敏性哮喘是一种慢性呼吸系统疾病，由2型辅助性T细胞（Th2）介导的免疫反应驱动，该反应涉及嗜酸性粒细胞和肥大细胞募集到受影响的组织，引发炎性细胞因子和IgE的产生。在更严重的病例中，典型症状包括喘息、呼吸急促、胸闷、持续性咳嗽、黏液分泌过多和气道高反应性。目前的治疗方法侧重于抑制免疫系统，可缓解症状，但通常不足以治愈该疾病。卡介苗（BCG）最初是作为一种减毒结核病疫苗开发的，可诱导强大的1型辅助性T细胞（Th1）极化免疫反应，使其成为治疗以Th2为主的疾病（如过敏性哮喘）的有希望的候选药物，最终缓解症状。卡介苗可以进行基因改造，以表达其他病原体的抗原或免疫原性蛋白，如IL-12p70。在这篇综述中，我们研究了卡介苗作为过敏性哮喘新型治疗平台的潜力，重点关注其通过IL-12调节免疫反应的能力。
