Basuliman Maged M, Zango Zakariyya Uba, Trache Djalal, Mohamad Ibrahim Mohamad Nasir, Hussin M Hazwan
Materials Technology Research Group (MaTReC), School of Chemical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Minden, Penang, Malaysia; Department of Chemical Science, College of Science, Hadhramout University, Mukalla, Yemen.
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Al-Qalam University Katsina, Katsina 820101, Nigeria.
Int J Biol Macromol. 2025 Jul;318(Pt 1):145064. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2025.145064. Epub 2025 Jun 6.
Several marine oil spills and industrial wastewater discharges have posed significant threats to the environment, food systems, and human health. Waste lignin, a byproduct of the bioethanol and pulp processing industries, contains several reactive groups and is often discarded or used directly as fuel. However, lignin-based porous composites have been innovatively designed and manufactured to utilise lignin waste while also treating oily wastewater. This paper reviews recent advances in lignin isolation methods and the modification of lignin as a demulsifier for oil/water separation, focusing on the production of lignin-based porous composites. These composites are categorised into Pickering emulsions, aerogels, sponges, foams, and filter membrane materials. Additionally, the methodologies and applications of lignin based on porous adsorbents and filter materials for oil/water separation are examined. The paper investigates the characteristics of oil adsorbents and absorbents in water, evaluating their efficiency and environmental impact. An analysis of the latest literature highlights the critical importance of leveraging lignin in the development of materials for demulsification and separation processes by exploring its chemical and physical properties.
几起海洋石油泄漏和工业废水排放对环境、食品系统和人类健康构成了重大威胁。木质素废料是生物乙醇和纸浆加工行业的副产品，含有多个反应基团，通常被丢弃或直接用作燃料。然而，基于木质素的多孔复合材料已被创新性地设计和制造出来，既能利用木质素废料，又能处理含油废水。本文综述了木质素分离方法以及木质素作为油/水分离破乳剂的改性研究的最新进展，重点关注基于木质素的多孔复合材料的生产。这些复合材料分为皮克林乳液、气凝胶、海绵、泡沫和滤膜材料。此外，还研究了基于多孔吸附剂和过滤材料的木质素用于油/水分离的方法和应用。本文研究了水中油吸附剂和吸收剂的特性，评估了它们的效率和环境影响。对最新文献的分析强调了通过探索木质素的化学和物理性质，在开发用于破乳和分离过程的材料中利用木质素的至关重要性。
