Ramos-León Félix, Ramamurthi Kumaran S
Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
J Biol Chem. 2025 Jun 6;301(7):110343. doi: 10.1016/j.jbc.2025.110343.
Research on bacterial cell division has traditionally focused on rod-shaped model organisms, such as Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis. While these models have been important in uncovering broadly conserved factors involved in bacterial cell division, the assortment of bacterial shapes, cell wall structures, and lifestyles highlights the need to broaden the scope of study. This includes not only understanding how conserved mechanisms are adapted to diverse cellular morphologies but also discovering mechanisms that arise as specific adaptations to unique cellular shapes. In this context, alternative models such as Staphylococcus aureus are emerging to provide insight into how Gram-positive cocci overcome the challenge of lacking obvious cellular polarity to ensure accurate placement of the division septum and undergo binary fission. In this review, we highlight recent research that reveals how S. aureus performs several distinct but interrelated processes, including peptidoglycan assembly, placement of the cell division septum, and how the division septum can be used as a hub for modifying the peptidoglycan to decorate the cell surface of S. aureus.
对细菌细胞分裂的研究传统上集中在杆状模式生物上，如大肠杆菌和枯草芽孢杆菌。虽然这些模型在揭示参与细菌细胞分裂的广泛保守因子方面很重要，但细菌形状、细胞壁结构和生活方式的多样性凸显了扩大研究范围的必要性。这不仅包括了解保守机制如何适应不同的细胞形态，还包括发现作为对独特细胞形状的特定适应而出现的机制。在这种背景下，诸如金黄色葡萄球菌等替代模型正在兴起，以深入了解革兰氏阳性球菌如何克服缺乏明显细胞极性的挑战，以确保分裂隔膜的准确定位并进行二分裂。在这篇综述中，我们重点介绍了最近的研究，这些研究揭示了金黄色葡萄球菌如何执行几个不同但相互关联的过程，包括肽聚糖组装、细胞分裂隔膜的定位，以及分裂隔膜如何用作修饰肽聚糖以装饰金黄色葡萄球菌细胞表面的中心。
