Unraveling the relationship between PET surfaces and their hydrolases.

Plastics, especially polyethylene terephthalate (PET), are vital in modern life, with global production exceeding 400 million tons annually. This extensive use has led to significant plastic waste pollution, highlighting the need for effective recycling strategies. PET, one of the most recycled plastics, is a prime candidate for degradation into its original monomers through engineered PET hydrolases - enzymes with industrial potential. While previous engineering efforts have mainly focused on enhancing thermostability and catalytic efficiency, the crucial aspect of enzyme adsorption to PET surfaces has received less attention. This review specifically addresses the mechanisms of enzyme adsorption, detailing relevant experimental methods and simulation techniques while emphasizing the potential for engineering more effective PET hydrolases.