Wiesli Thea Xenia
Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Department of Sociology, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
Front Sociol. 2025 May 23;10:1547663. doi: 10.3389/fsoc.2025.1547663. eCollection 2025.
The overconsumption of meat, and the connected overproduction of meat, contribute significantly to climate change, deforestation, biodiversity loss, and public health risks. There is a need to reduce global meat consumption. On average, high- and middle-income countries have the highest levels of meat consumption. However, within individual societies, social groups and classes differ in their food habits and . This literature review provides information on how socio-economic characteristics, social status, norms, and structural context shape meat consumption, and what interventions can effectively reduce specific social groups' meat consumption. Empirical studies published between 2019 and 2024 were researched and screened, adopting the PRISMA approach. The findings highlight critical variations in meat consumption by gender, age, social status, social norms, and context effects. Effective interventions include tailored approaches such as price incentives, normative messaging, and increasing the accessibility of plant-based options. The discussion underscores the importance of policymakers and stakeholders applying targeted and status-sensitive strategies to support sustainable dietary shifts and to address social inequalities.
肉类的过度消费以及与之相关的肉类过度生产，对气候变化、森林砍伐、生物多样性丧失和公共健康风险都有重大影响。有必要减少全球肉类消费。平均而言，高收入和中等收入国家的肉类消费水平最高。然而，在各个社会中，不同社会群体和阶层的饮食习惯存在差异。本综述提供了关于社会经济特征、社会地位、规范和结构背景如何影响肉类消费，以及哪些干预措施可以有效减少特定社会群体肉类消费的信息。采用PRISMA方法对2019年至2024年发表的实证研究进行了检索和筛选。研究结果突出了性别、年龄、社会地位、社会规范和背景效应在肉类消费方面的关键差异。有效的干预措施包括价格激励、规范宣传以及增加植物性食品的可及性等针对性方法。讨论强调了政策制定者和利益相关者采用有针对性且对地位敏感的策略来支持可持续饮食转变和解决社会不平等问题的重要性。
