Liu Jingwen, Huang Anfei, Luo Tianqi, Xia Liangping, Gong Ming, Lin Jiaming
Digestive Endoscopy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510000, PR China.
Department of Pediatric Orthopedics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, No. 9 Jinsui Road, Guangzhou, 510623, PR China.
Mater Today Bio. 2025 May 10;32:101852. doi: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2025.101852. eCollection 2025 Jun.
Ferroptosis holds significant promise in cancer therapy due to its unique form of programmed cell death, marked by a strong ability to selectively target drug-resistant cells. However, therapeutic approaches leveraging ferroptosis face challenges associated with restricted efficacy, specificity, and unreliable imaging techniques for monitoring treatment progression. Herein, we design a sequential tandem-unlocked cascade nanoreactor (TPZ/HMOS/IO@GOx) for MRI-guided enhanced ferroptosis-chemo synergistic therapy. Specifically, within the tumor TME, GSH triggers the degradation of HMOS, leading to the release of GOx, IO, and TPZ from TPZ/HMOS/IO@GOx. The liberated GOx catalyzes the conversion of endogenous glucose, consuming O to generate HO and gluconic acid. The resultant increase in acidity accelerates the decomposition of IO into Fe/Fe. Subsequently, the Fenton reaction between Fe and accumulated HO generates ROS and Fe, while the reaction between Fe and HO produces ROS and Fe, establishing a cyclic catalytic effect. Fe interacts with GSH to yield Fe and GSSG, thereby intensifying oxidative stress on tumor cells. As hypoxia worsens, TPZ is activated to generate toxic radical species, further enhancing the cytotoxic effect on tumor cells and synergizing with ferroptosis treatment. The orchestrated sequence of TME-activated cascading reactions, initiated by TPZ/HMOS/IO@GOx (, tandem-unlocked cascade nanoreactor), demonstrates exceptional antitumor efficacy both and . Moreover, the TME-triggered release of IO from TPZ/HMOS/IO@GOx enables high-contrast "ON" -weighted MRI in tumor-bearing mice, providing precise guidance for the distribution of nanomedicine and tumor ferroptosis therapy.
铁死亡因其独特的程序性细胞死亡形式,在癌症治疗中具有巨大潜力,其特点是具有强大的选择性靶向耐药细胞的能力。然而,利用铁死亡的治疗方法面临着疗效受限、特异性不足以及监测治疗进展的成像技术不可靠等挑战。在此,我们设计了一种用于磁共振成像(MRI)引导的增强铁死亡 - 化疗协同治疗的顺序串联解锁级联纳米反应器(TPZ/HMOS/IO@GOx)。具体而言,在肿瘤微环境(TME)中,谷胱甘肽(GSH)触发HMOS的降解,导致GOx、IO和TPZ从TPZ/HMOS/IO@GOx中释放出来。释放的GOx催化内源性葡萄糖的转化,消耗氧气生成过氧化氢(HO)和葡萄糖酸。由此导致的酸度增加加速了IO分解为Fe²⁺/Fe³⁺。随后,Fe²⁺与积累的HO之间的芬顿反应产生活性氧(ROS)和Fe³⁺,而Fe³⁺与HO反应产生ROS和Fe²⁺,建立起循环催化作用。Fe³⁺与GSH相互作用生成Fe²⁺和谷胱甘肽二硫化物(GSSG),从而加剧对肿瘤细胞的氧化应激。随着缺氧加剧,TPZ被激活产生有毒自由基物种,进一步增强对肿瘤细胞的细胞毒性作用,并与铁死亡治疗协同作用。由TPZ/HMOS/IO@GOx(串联解锁级联纳米反应器)引发的TME激活的级联反应序列,在体内和体外均显示出卓越的抗肿瘤疗效。此外,TPZ/HMOS/IO@GOx中TME触发的IO释放能够在荷瘤小鼠中实现高对比度的“开启”T2加权MRI,为纳米药物的分布和肿瘤铁死亡治疗提供精确指导。
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