Yang Weilin, Zhao Zhiyun, Gao Pengcheng, Guo Xiaodan, Jia Xuguang, Białas Marcin
Doctor School, Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport, Gdansk, Poland.
School of Sports and Health, Yibin University, Yibin, China.
Front Public Health. 2025 May 23;13:1556246. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2025.1556246. eCollection 2025.
Health benefits are associated with physical activity (PA) and PA levels. This study aims to explore the impact of PA levels (low, moderate, high) on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among rural junior high school students in China, as well as the moderating role of parental co-participation in physical activities.
A stratified cluster sampling method was used to select 1,440 junior high school students from rural areas in southwest China. A total of 1,181 students completed the questionnaire, with a completion rate of 82.0%, including 608 boys (51.45%). HRQoL was measured using the Chinese version of the PedsQL 4.0, and PA levels was analyzed using the IPAQ-SF. -tests, chi-square tests, linear regression, and two-way ANOVA were used for statistical analysis.
The results showed that 81.8% of rural junior high school students participated in moderate PA and high PA, with 82.3% of boys and 81.2% of girls. In both unadjusted and adjusted models, compared to low PA, students participating in moderate PA and high PA had significantly higher HRQoL scores in all dimensions, summary scales, and total scales, with the high PA showing particularly higher scores. Parental co-participation significantly moderated the relationship between PA and HRQoL ( = 13.569, < 0.001), and the moderating effect was significant at every PA level, especially at high PA here the effect was most prominent.
Physical activity has a significant positive impact on HRQoL of rural junior high school students, with higher PA levels leading to more significant improvements in all HRQoL dimensions, summary scales, and total scales. Parental co-participation enhances the positive effect of PA on the HRQoL of rural junior high school students, particularly at the high PA, where the moderating effect is more pronounced. Parental co-participation, through the provision of social support, emotional reinforcement, and behavioral modeling, significantly enhances adolescents' intrinsic motivation to participate in physical activity, and further augments its salutary effects on their physical and psychological well-being. This study provides empirical support for health promotion among rural adolescents.
健康益处与身体活动（PA）及PA水平相关。本研究旨在探讨PA水平（低、中、高）对中国农村初中生健康相关生活质量（HRQoL）的影响，以及父母共同参与体育活动的调节作用。
采用分层整群抽样方法，从中国西南部农村地区选取1440名初中生。共有1181名学生完成问卷，完成率为82.0%，其中男生608名（51.45%）。使用中文版儿童生活质量量表4.0（PedsQL 4.0）测量HRQoL，使用国际体力活动问卷简表（IPAQ-SF）分析PA水平。采用t检验、卡方检验、线性回归和双向方差分析进行统计分析。
结果显示，81.8%的农村初中生参与中等强度PA和高强度PA，其中男生为82.3%，女生为81.2%。在未调整和调整模型中，与低强度PA相比，参与中等强度PA和高强度PA的学生在所有维度、总结量表和总量表上的HRQoL得分均显著更高，高强度PA的得分尤其更高。父母共同参与显著调节了PA与HRQoL之间的关系（β = 13.569，p < 0.001），且在每个PA水平上调节效应均显著，尤其是在高强度PA时效应最为突出。
身体活动对农村初中生的HRQoL有显著的积极影响，PA水平越高，在所有HRQoL维度、总结量表和总量表上的改善越显著。父母共同参与增强了PA对农村初中生HRQoL的积极影响，尤其是在高强度PA时，调节效应更为明显。父母共同参与通过提供社会支持、情感强化和行为示范，显著增强青少年参与体育活动的内在动机，并进一步增强其对身心健康的有益影响。本研究为农村青少年的健康促进提供了实证支持。
