Söyler Nejmi, Dalbaşı Eylen Sema, Ilhan Süleyman, Türkmen Hayati
Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Materials Science and Engineering, Ege University, Bornova, 35100 Izmir, Turkey.
Department of Textile Engineering, Ege University, Bornova, 35100 Izmir, Turkey.
ACS Omega. 2025 May 23;10(21):21486-21498. doi: 10.1021/acsomega.5c00281. eCollection 2025 Jun 3.
A novel series of triazolium ionic salts were synthesized and characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy as well as H and C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The thermal degradation kinetics and activation energy of the ionic salts were studied using Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose, Flynn-Wall-Ozawa, and Starink methodologies. The results indicated that the thermal degradation mechanism of the synthesized triazolium flame retardants is influenced by the mono- and dicationic triazolium rings with different alkyl chain lengths. The activation energy increased with the decrease in the alkyl chain length and the addition of a triazolium ring. Triazolium-containing hydrogels were prepared and applied to cotton fabrics to enhance their flame-retardant and antibacterial properties. The vertical flammability test results confirmed that PBDIL12_20, which contained 20 wt % dicationic ionic salt, exhibited the highest flame retardancy among the tested samples. All the cotton fabrics treated with the triazolium hydrogels exhibited excellent antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and , achieving bacteriostatic rates of >99%. This study presents a novel method for the development of flame-retardant and antibacterial cotton fabrics, which can be used in protective clothing to safeguard skin from fire and health hazards. The triazolium salts on normal cells (the human keratinocyte cell line (HaCaT) and the human dermal fibroblast cell line (BJ)) were used for MTT viability analysis.
合成了一系列新型三唑鎓离子盐，并利用傅里叶变换红外光谱以及氢和碳核磁共振光谱对其进行了表征。采用基辛格-赤平-ose、弗林-沃尔-小泽和斯塔林克方法研究了离子盐的热降解动力学和活化能。结果表明，合成的三唑鎓阻燃剂的热降解机理受具有不同烷基链长度的单阳离子和双阳离子三唑鎓环的影响。活化能随着烷基链长度的减小和三唑鎓环的添加而增加。制备了含三唑鎓的水凝胶并将其应用于棉织物，以提高其阻燃和抗菌性能。垂直燃烧性测试结果证实，含有20 wt%双阳离子离子盐的PBDIL12_20在测试样品中表现出最高的阻燃性。所有用三唑鎓水凝胶处理的棉织物对金黄色葡萄球菌均表现出优异的抗菌活性，抑菌率>99%。本研究提出了一种开发阻燃抗菌棉织物的新方法，可用于防护服，保护皮肤免受火灾和健康危害。将三唑鎓盐作用于正常细胞（人角质形成细胞系（HaCaT）和人真皮成纤维细胞系（BJ））进行MTT活力分析。
