Sun Liying, Wang Na, Huang Sanying, Luo Ziyang, Zhang Chenhao, Qi Jie, He Yan
MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Tropical Aquatic Germplasm of Hainan Province, Sanya Oceanographic Institution, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China.
MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Tropical Aquatic Germplasm of Hainan Province, Sanya Oceanographic Institution, Ocean University of China, Sanya, 572024, China.
Mar Biotechnol (NY). 2025 Jun 9;27(3):93. doi: 10.1007/s10126-025-10470-9.
Unlike mammals with determinate growth patterns, large-bodied teleost fish exhibit indeterminate growth. Two distinct muscle stem cell populations have been discovered in teleost fish: muscle satellite cells expressing Pax3 and Pax7, akin to those in mammals, and growth-specific stem cells in the external cell layer (ECL) regulated by Meox1. However, their origins and regulatory mechanisms remain elusive in large teleost fishes. In this study, we identified these two stem cell populations in the golden pompano (Trachinotus ovatus), an economically significant teleost species. In situ hybridization revealed that muscle satellite cells are localized in mononucleated cells at the edges of muscle fibers, while growth-specific stem cells are distributed within the myosepta. Interestingly, growth-specific stem cells in T. ovatus differ from those in zebrafish in their origin, distribution, and expression patterns, which could be a contributing factor to T. ovatus's ability for indeterminate growth, whereas zebrafish exhibit determinate growth. Investigations into the repair and regeneration of skeletal muscle following injury demonstrated that Meox1 also plays a role in repairing injured skeletal muscle, although its involvement occurs later than that of Pax3a/Pax7a. In conclusion, our findings confirm the presence of two distinct muscle stem cell populations in teleost fish, shedding light on the complexity of muscle growth. This research provides insights into muscle development and regeneration, with potential applications in aquaculture for improving muscle growth in economically important fish species.
与具有确定生长模式的哺乳动物不同，大型硬骨鱼表现出不确定生长。在硬骨鱼中发现了两种不同的肌肉干细胞群体：表达Pax3和Pax7的肌肉卫星细胞，类似于哺乳动物中的那些细胞，以及由Meox1调节的外部细胞层（ECL）中的生长特异性干细胞。然而，在大型硬骨鱼中，它们的起源和调控机制仍然不清楚。在这项研究中，我们在金钱鱼（Trachinotus ovatus）中鉴定出了这两种干细胞群体，金钱鱼是一种具有重要经济意义的硬骨鱼物种。原位杂交显示，肌肉卫星细胞定位于肌纤维边缘的单核细胞中，而生长特异性干细胞分布在肌隔内。有趣的是，金钱鱼中的生长特异性干细胞在起源、分布和表达模式上与斑马鱼中的不同，这可能是金钱鱼具有不确定生长能力的一个促成因素，而斑马鱼表现出确定生长。对损伤后骨骼肌修复和再生的研究表明，Meox1在修复受损骨骼肌中也发挥作用，尽管它的参与比Pax3a/Pax7a晚。总之，我们的研究结果证实了硬骨鱼中存在两种不同的肌肉干细胞群体，揭示了肌肉生长的复杂性。这项研究为肌肉发育和再生提供了见解，在水产养殖中具有潜在应用，可用于改善重要经济鱼类的肌肉生长。
