Chen Dong, Chen Zhulan, Yang Huihui, Zhang Lei, Hu Chenchen, Yang Zhuo, Li Peng, Su Xi, Liu Xiaoling, Wei Wei, Zhao Yongsheng
Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery and Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518036, China.
Department of Pharmacy, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518033, China.
Sci China Life Sci. 2025 Jun 5. doi: 10.1007/s11427-024-2888-8.
Endocrine cancers are a heterogeneous group of malignancies that originate from cells capable of secreting hormones. Examples include but are not limited to thyroid cancer, adrenocortical carcinoma, prostate cancer, and pancreatic cancer. Our limited understanding of endocrine cancers is partially due to constraints related to model systems, which cannot accurately replicate the pathogenesis of these tumors. Patient-derived organoids (PDOs) are clusters of multiple cell types that grow in a three-dimensional environment. They have become innovative models that faithfully reproduce genotype and phenotype of the tissues from which they originated, facilitating the prediction of patient treatment responses and guiding the development of precision medicine. This article provides a comprehensive review of the establishment of endocrine cancer PDOs and their applications in cancer research, drug screening, and personalized therapy. These excellent preclinical models have the potential to advance our understanding of endocrine cancers in basic research and clinical practice. In addition, we discuss the challenges related to current organoid technologies and provide future perspectives on the applications of organoids in precision medicine to improve the management of endocrine cancers.
内分泌癌是一组异质性恶性肿瘤，起源于能够分泌激素的细胞。例子包括但不限于甲状腺癌、肾上腺皮质癌、前列腺癌和胰腺癌。我们对内分泌癌的了解有限，部分原因是与模型系统相关的限制，这些模型系统无法准确复制这些肿瘤的发病机制。患者来源的类器官（PDO）是在三维环境中生长的多种细胞类型的簇。它们已成为创新模型，能忠实地再现其起源组织的基因型和表型，有助于预测患者的治疗反应并指导精准医学的发展。本文全面综述了内分泌癌PDO的建立及其在癌症研究、药物筛选和个性化治疗中的应用。这些出色的临床前模型有潜力在基础研究和临床实践中增进我们对内分泌癌的理解。此外，我们讨论了与当前类器官技术相关的挑战，并对类器官在精准医学中的应用提供未来展望，以改善内分泌癌的管理。
