Theoretical and experimental bases of intraperitoneal chemotherapy.

Pharmacokinetic theory predicts that a large and potentially exploitable concentration difference occurs between the peritoneal cavity and the plasma after many anticancer drugs are administered intraperitoneally in large volume. Unresolved issues remain, particularly concerning the depth of penetration of drugs into tumor nodules growing on peritoneal surfaces. Recent studies in the rat showed a steep concentration gradient of small marker molecules in a variety of normal tissues. The concentration in the stomach and small and large intestines decreased to 10% of the value at the serosal surface in about 0.5 mm or less. Human serum albumin showed deeper penetration, particularly in the diaphragm and anterior abdominal wall.