Ready T
Soc Sci Med. 1985;21(4):443-50. doi: 10.1016/0277-9536(85)90224-2.
In this anthropological study, the influence of psychosocial adaptation, and social and biological factors upon the blood pressures of Mexican-American adolescents and adolescents of European descent (Anglo-Americans) in Corpus Christi, Texas were examined. Black Americans have one of the highest rates of hypertension of any population in the world. The reasons for this are not entirely clear. Epidemiologic studies have shown that although clinically defined hypertension usually does not appear until adulthood, systematic differences in the average blood pressures of black and white history of discrimination and prejudice are in some way related to the prevalence of hypertension among black Americans, then Mexican-Americans of south Texas, who also have experienced a high rate of poverty and a history of discrimination, might also be expected to have a higher rate of hypertension than other Americans. Mexican-American youths were found to have a significantly higher mean systolic pressure than Anglo youths. Mexican-Americans also were found to have significantly more problematic psychosocial adaptation. There was little relationship, however, between problematic psychosocial adaptation and high blood pressure. Subsequent statistical analyses, including an analysis of covariance, indicated that other variables, including the heaviness of body build and length of residences in Corpus Christi, were of much greater importance in predicting blood pressure. Implications of these findings for social epidemiology and health promotion are discussed.
在这项人类学研究中，研究了心理社会适应、社会和生物学因素对德克萨斯州科珀斯克里斯蒂市墨西哥裔美国青少年以及欧洲裔青少年（英裔美国人）血压的影响。美国黑人是世界上高血压发病率最高的人群之一。其原因尚不完全清楚。流行病学研究表明，虽然临床上定义的高血压通常直到成年才会出现，但黑人和白人在平均血压上的系统性差异以及歧视和偏见的历史在某种程度上与美国黑人高血压的患病率有关，那么南德克萨斯州的墨西哥裔美国人，他们也经历了高贫困率和歧视历史，可能也会被认为比其他美国人有更高的高血压发病率。研究发现，墨西哥裔美国青少年的平均收缩压明显高于英裔青少年。还发现墨西哥裔美国人在心理社会适应方面存在明显更多的问题。然而，心理社会适应问题与高血压之间几乎没有关系。随后的统计分析，包括协方差分析，表明其他变量，包括体型肥胖程度和在科珀斯克里斯蒂市居住的时长，在预测血压方面更为重要。讨论了这些发现对社会流行病学和健康促进的意义。
