Mitchell B D, Stern M P, Haffner S M, Hazuda H P, Patterson J K
Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio.
Am J Epidemiol. 1990 Mar;131(3):423-33. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a115517.
A lower cardiovascular mortality in Mexican-American men than in non-Hispanic white men has been consistently observed. In contrast, no such ethnic difference has been observed in women. To determine whether this sex-ethnicity interaction in mortality is matched by a corresponding sex-ethnicity interaction in cardiovascular risk factors, the authors compared risk factors between 3,301 Mexican Americans and 1,877 non-Hispanic whites from the San Antonio Heart Study, a population-based study of cardiovascular disease and diabetes conducted in San Antonio, Texas (1979-1988). In both men and women, triglycerides, systolic and diastolic blood pressures, and body mass index (weight (kg)/height (m)2) were higher and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol was lower in Mexican Americans than in non-Hispanic whites. Although Mexican-American men were more likely than non-Hispanic white men to be smokers, Mexican Americans of both sexes smoked, on average, fewer cigarettes per day than non-Hispanic whites. Cardiovascular risk scores, which were constructed from Framingham Study risk equations to summarize the combined effect of multiple risk factors, were higher in Mexican Americans than in non-Hispanic whites of both sexes. The cardiovascular risk profile was less favorable for both Mexican Americans who grew up in Mexico and Mexican Americans who grew up in San Antonio. Although it is possible that in their younger years Mexican Americans had a more favorable cardiovascular risk profile, these results may also indicate that some protective factor, either genetic or life-style, is present in Mexican-American males but absent in non-Hispanic white males.
墨西哥裔美国男性的心血管死亡率一直低于非西班牙裔白人男性。相比之下，女性中未观察到这种种族差异。为了确定死亡率方面的这种性别 - 种族相互作用是否与心血管危险因素方面相应的性别 - 种族相互作用相匹配，作者比较了来自圣安东尼奥心脏研究的3301名墨西哥裔美国人和1877名非西班牙裔白人之间的危险因素。圣安东尼奥心脏研究是在得克萨斯州圣安东尼奥进行的一项基于人群的心血管疾病和糖尿病研究（1979 - 1988年）。在男性和女性中，墨西哥裔美国人的甘油三酯、收缩压和舒张压以及体重指数（体重（千克）/身高（米）²）均高于非西班牙裔白人，而高密度脂蛋白胆固醇则低于非西班牙裔白人。尽管墨西哥裔美国男性比非西班牙裔白人男性更有可能吸烟，但墨西哥裔美国人无论男女平均每天吸烟的支数都比非西班牙裔白人少。根据弗雷明汉研究风险方程构建的心血管风险评分用于总结多种危险因素的综合作用，在墨西哥裔美国人中高于非西班牙裔白人男女。对于在墨西哥长大的墨西哥裔美国人和在圣安东尼奥长大的墨西哥裔美国人来说，心血管风险状况都不太有利。尽管有可能墨西哥裔美国人在年轻时心血管风险状况更有利，但这些结果也可能表明，某些保护因素，无论是遗传因素还是生活方式因素，在墨西哥裔美国男性中存在，而在非西班牙裔白人男性中不存在。
