Li Xiaoyun, Luo Lei, Shi Xiaopeng, Li Shigui, Wang Lihui, Li Deming, Li Fengxian
Dingxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Dingxi, Gansu, 743000, China.
College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China.
BMC Plant Biol. 2025 Jun 9;25(1):777. doi: 10.1186/s12870-025-06716-2.
Drought is one of the major factors affecting the growth and development of potatoes. Screening drought-tolerant potato germplasm is of great significance for drought tolerance research and the utilization of drought-tolerant germplasm resources.
In this study, a two-year field evaluation of drought tolerance was conducted on 31 potato germplasm resources from 2023 to 2024. The experimental treatments included normal irrigation (NI) and drought stress (DS). A total of 24 indices related to potato morphology, photosynthesis, physiology, and yield were selected for drought tolerance evaluation. All indices exhibited varying degrees of change under drought stress. Correlation analysis revealed significant correlations among the drought tolerance coefficients of the 24 measured indicators. Principal component analysis was used to transform the 24 conventional indicators into six independent and comprehensive components, with a cumulative variance contribution rate of 86.38%. Using D-value cluster analysis, the 31 potato germplasm resources were classified into five categories: strong drought tolerance, moderate drought tolerance, intermediate drought tolerance, drought-sensitive, and extremely drought-sensitive. Stepwise regression analysis indicated that the following indicators could be used as objective evaluation criteria for drought tolerance in the mid-to-late growth stages of potatoes: fresh above-ground biomass, dry above-ground biomass, fresh below-ground biomass, dry below-ground biomass, chlorophyll content, relative chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, superoxide dismutase activity, number of large tubers per plant, fresh tuber weight per plant, and plot yield.
Among them, the strong drought-tolerant materials included Long 10, D1595-7, Lin 18, Tong 31, and D16105-14. The results of this study provide theoretical references and practical guidance for potato drought-tolerant breeding, drought tolerance mechanisms, and drought-tolerant cultivation techniques.
干旱是影响马铃薯生长发育的主要因素之一。筛选耐旱马铃薯种质资源对于耐旱性研究和耐旱种质资源的利用具有重要意义。
本研究于2023年至2024年对31份马铃薯种质资源进行了为期两年的耐旱性田间评价。试验处理包括正常灌溉（NI）和干旱胁迫（DS）。共选取了24个与马铃薯形态、光合作用、生理和产量相关的指标进行耐旱性评价。所有指标在干旱胁迫下均表现出不同程度的变化。相关性分析表明，24个测定指标的耐旱系数之间存在显著相关性。主成分分析将24个常规指标转化为6个独立且综合的成分，累积方差贡献率为86.38%。利用D值聚类分析，将31份马铃薯种质资源分为5类：强耐旱、中度耐旱、中度敏感、干旱敏感和极度干旱敏感。逐步回归分析表明，以下指标可作为马铃薯生长中后期耐旱性的客观评价标准：地上部鲜生物量、地上部干生物量、地下部鲜生物量、地下部干生物量、叶绿素含量、相对叶绿素含量、净光合速率、气孔导度、超氧化物歧化酶活性、单株大薯数、单株鲜薯重和小区产量。
其中，强耐旱材料包括陇10、D1595 - 7、临18、通31和D16105 - 14。本研究结果为马铃薯耐旱育种、耐旱机制及耐旱栽培技术提供了理论参考和实践指导。
