Kirkland Chelsey, Westfall Noah Yee, Patel Krishna, McCall Timothy C, Leider Jonathon P
Center for Public Health Systems, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States.
National Association of County and City Health Officials, Washington, DC, United States.
Front Public Health. 2025 May 26;13:1597909. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2025.1597909. eCollection 2025.
The purpose of this descriptive study was to compare the demographics of new and experienced local health officials (LHOs) and the rurality and size of the local health departments (LHDs) they serve.
Descriptive characteristics of new LHOs and experienced LHOs were compared between two national public health workforce datasets: the 2021 Public Health Workforce Interest and Needs Survey (PH WINS) and the 2022 National Association of County and City Health Officials (NACCHO) National Profile of Local Health Departments study (Profile). The 2022 Profile study was fielded from July through September 2022 from a population of 2,512 LHDs across the US. The 2021 PH WINS survey was fielded to a nationally representative sample of state health Agency-Central Offices and LHD staff. Descriptive characteristics were computed comparing new LHOs with experienced LHOs based on work status, age, gender, race/ethnicity, education level, rurality and size of the jurisdiction.
Approximately 30% of all LHOs are new (<2 years of experience) with no difference among jurisdiction sizes or rurality. Compared to experienced LHOs, a slightly greater proportion of new LHOs identified as Native American, Black, or Asian, and are younger.
Providing professional supports to new LHOs and addressing recruitment and retention challenges facing public health leadership can help ensure that the senior executive level of the public health workforce reflects the diverse and varied populations that it serves.
本描述性研究的目的是比较新任和经验丰富的地方卫生官员（LHO）的人口统计学特征，以及他们所服务的地方卫生部门（LHD）的农村地区情况和规模。
在两个全国性的公共卫生劳动力数据集之间比较了新任LHO和经验丰富的LHO的描述性特征：2021年公共卫生劳动力兴趣与需求调查（PH WINS）和2022年全国县市卫生官员协会（NACCHO）地方卫生部门全国概况研究（概况）。2022年概况研究于2022年7月至9月对美国2512个LHD的人群进行了调查。2021年PH WINS调查针对的是州卫生机构中央办公室和LHD工作人员的全国代表性样本。根据工作状态、年龄、性别、种族/族裔、教育水平、辖区的农村地区情况和规模，计算并比较了新任LHO和经验丰富的LHO的描述性特征。
所有LHO中约30%是新任的（经验不足2年），在辖区规模或农村地区情况方面没有差异。与经验丰富的LHO相比，新任LHO中被认定为美洲原住民、黑人或亚洲人的比例略高，且年龄更小。
为新任LHO提供专业支持，并应对公共卫生领导层面临的招聘和留用挑战，有助于确保公共卫生劳动力的高级管理层反映其服务的多样化人群。
