Nielsen Charlotte Salgaard, Garvey Patricia, Cormican Martin, DeLappe Niall, Lenahan Mary, Moore Orla, Casey Kay, Cotter Suzanne, Gee Sarah, Aniugbo Benjamin, Meagher Gerard, Brabazon Elaine, Quintyne Keith Ian, Breslin Anthony, McBride RoseMary, Burke Eimear, White Margaret, Casey Marie, Evans Leah, Conlon Catherine, Dillon Annette, Kiernan Regina, Kilmartin Donna, Lawlor Cale, McDermott Ruth, McKeown Paul
Health Service Executive (HSE)-Health Protection Surveillance Centre (HPSC) Dublin Ireland.
ECDC Fellowship Programme Field Epidemiology Path (EPIET) European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) Stockholm Sweden.
Public Health Chall. 2023 Nov 20;2(4):e116. doi: 10.1002/puh2.116. eCollection 2023 Dec.
In March 2022, an outbreak investigation was initiated in Ireland after identifying a cluster of monophasic Typhimurium cases, affecting primarily small children. Microbiological investigations revealed that the cluster was part of a wider international outbreak.
A total of 18 Irish outbreak cases were identified. We undertook a matched case-control study using the case-case method to determine if exposure to the implicated products was associated with illness.
In univariable analysis, the highest odds of disease due to monophasic . Typhimurium versus other gastrointestinal disease were obtained for a chocolate Product A of Brand A [matched odds ratio (mOR) = 7.77, 95% confidence intervals (CI): 0.89-67.20]. When grouping the implicated products in a composite variable, the odds of disease due to monophasic . Typhimurium versus other gastrointestinal disease were 10.5 times higher with a consumption of at least one of the implicated products [mOR = 10.50, 95% CI: 1.24-88.60, = 0.031].
This analytical study supported the internationally generated hypothesis which led to the implementation of control measures. Owing to the high levels of chocolate purchasing with Easter approaching, early outbreak identification and involvement in the internationally coordinated investigation was essential to an efficient response and to minimise the risk of further harm to a particularly vulnerable population group.
2022年3月，在爱尔兰发现一群单相鼠伤寒病例，主要影响幼儿，随后展开了疫情调查。微生物学调查显示，该集群是更广泛的国际疫情的一部分。
共确定了18例爱尔兰疫情病例。我们采用病例对照法进行配对病例对照研究，以确定接触涉案产品是否与疾病有关。
在单变量分析中，与其他胃肠道疾病相比，食用A品牌巧克力产品A感染单相鼠伤寒导致疾病的几率最高[配对比值比（mOR）=7.77，95%置信区间（CI）：0.89 - 67.20]。将涉案产品归为一个复合变量时，与其他胃肠道疾病相比，食用至少一种涉案产品感染单相鼠伤寒导致疾病的几率高出10.5倍[mOR = 10.50，95% CI：1.24 - 88.60，P = 0.031]。
这项分析研究支持了国际上提出的假设，该假设促成了控制措施的实施。由于复活节临近巧克力购买量很大，尽早发现疫情并参与国际协调调查对于有效应对以及将对特别脆弱人群造成进一步伤害的风险降至最低至关重要。
