Marczak Zuzanna, Olkowski Bartosz, Rostkowska Olga Maria, Miszewska-Szyszkowska Dorota, Kozińska-Przybył Olga, Warężak Tomasz, Durlik Magdalena
Students' Scientific Club, Department of Transplantation, Immunology, Nephrology and Internal Diseases, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
Department of Transplantation, Immunology, Nephrology and Internal Diseases, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
Tob Prev Cessat. 2025 Jun 10;11. doi: 10.18332/tpc/204357. eCollection 2025.
Smoking and alcohol consumption are two harmful yet socially accepted habits in Poland. The main focus of this study was to assess patterns of tobacco and alcohol consumption in Polish transplant patients.
A survey was conducted between June and November 2023 at a transplantation center in Poland. The participants in the study were kidney, liver, or pancreas transplant recipients (aged 19-81 years). A structured questionnaire was applied to assess self-reported use of tobacco and alcohol in the pre-transplantation (pre-tx) and post-transplantation (post-tx) periods.
Data from 215 eligible transplant recipients were analyzed. The median age was 51 years (IQR: 38.5-60.5), and 56.7% of the patients were male. Most patients (79.1%) received a kidney transplant, 20.5% a liver transplant, and 5.6% a pancreas transplant. In this cohort, tobacco use decreased by 33.7% and alcohol use decreased by 40.5% post-tx compared to pre-tx. Regarding cigarette smoking, 92% of post-tx patients did not smoke at all (vs 81.1% pre-tx). The use of e-cigarettes or heated tobacco remained relatively unchanged, with abstinence declared by 91.5% pre-tx versus 93.9% post-tx (p=0.351). When asked about alcohol consumption within the last year, 67.6% of respondents indicated that they did not consume alcohol at all (vs 50.2% pre-tx), and 26.3% had occasionally consumed alcohol (vs 40% pre-tx). More than half of the participants reported no change in their tobacco and alcohol consumption patterns (65.4% and 57.1%, respectively).
The results of our study indicated a decrease in the use of traditional tobacco products and alcohol following transplantation. However, the use of e-cigarettes or heated tobacco remains stable and should be further examined. Therefore, it is important to develop targeted interventions to support tobacco and alcohol cessation among transplant patients.
吸烟和饮酒在波兰是两种有害但被社会所接受的习惯。本研究的主要重点是评估波兰移植患者的烟草和酒精消费模式。
2023年6月至11月在波兰的一个移植中心进行了一项调查。研究参与者为肾、肝或胰腺移植受者（年龄在19 - 81岁之间）。采用结构化问卷评估移植前（移植前）和移植后（移植后）时期自我报告的烟草和酒精使用情况。
对215名符合条件的移植受者的数据进行了分析。中位年龄为51岁（四分位间距：38.5 - 60.5），56.7%的患者为男性。大多数患者（79.1%）接受了肾移植，20.5%接受了肝移植，5.6%接受了胰腺移植。在这个队列中，与移植前相比，移植后烟草使用减少了33.7%，酒精使用减少了40.5%。关于吸烟，92%的移植后患者完全不吸烟（移植前为81.1%）。电子烟或加热烟草的使用保持相对不变，移植前91.5%的人声明戒烟，移植后为93.9%（p = 0.351）。当被问及过去一年的酒精消费情况时，67.6%的受访者表示他们根本不饮酒（移植前为50.2%），26.3%的人偶尔饮酒（移植前为40%）。超过一半的参与者报告他们的烟草和酒精消费模式没有变化（分别为65.4%和57.1%）。
我们的研究结果表明移植后传统烟草制品和酒精的使用有所减少。然而，电子烟或加热烟草的使用保持稳定，应进一步研究。因此，制定有针对性的干预措施以支持移植患者戒烟和戒酒很重要。
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