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mTOR通过核转位和STAT1抑制调节NLRP3炎性小体激活。

mTOR Modulates NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation via Nuclear Translocation and STAT1 Inhibition.

作者信息

González-Dominguez Alvaro, Zhang Shuling, Boy-Ruiz Daniel, Connors Daniel, de la Varga-Martínez Raquel, Mock Beverly A, Cordero Mario D

机构信息

Division of Liver Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mont Sinai, New York, New York, USA.

Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.

出版信息

Eur J Immunol. 2025 Jun;55(6):e51176. doi: 10.1002/eji.202451176.

Abstract

The NLRP3 inflammasome has emerged as an unexpected sensor of metabolic danger and stress. Their enhanced activation has been implicated in the development of major diseases such as gout, Type 2 diabetes, obesity, cancer, and neurodegenerative and cardiovascular diseases. In this study, we showed that mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) regulates NLRP3 inflammasome activation in the nucleus of macrophages. mTOR binds to NLRP3 under basal conditions, and this binding is reduced after lipopolysaccharides (LPS) or LPS + adenosine triphosphate (ATP) treatment. Furthermore, rapamycin-induced downregulation of mTOR expression has an inhibitory effect on NLRP3 inflammasome activation. mTOR knockdown (KD) mice exhibit reduced protein levels of inflammasome components, and their macrophages fail to activate the NLRP3 inflammasome after LPS + ATP treatment. From a mechanistic point of view, LPS + ATP treatment induced the nuclear translocation of mTOR, leading to enhanced NLRP3 inflammasome activation. However, the mTOR inhibition by rapamycin treatment increased phosphorylation of STAT1 which repressed NLRP3 activation. When rapamycin was combined with the STAT1 inhibitor fludarabine, NLRP3 inflammasome activity was restored. Taken together, these findings suggest a role for mTOR in NLRP3 regulation and identify a potential therapeutic option for controlling inflammasome activation.

摘要

NLRP3炎性小体已成为代谢危险和应激的意外传感器。其激活增强与痛风、2型糖尿病、肥胖症、癌症以及神经退行性疾病和心血管疾病等主要疾病的发生有关。在本研究中,我们发现雷帕霉素靶蛋白(mTOR)在巨噬细胞核中调节NLRP3炎性小体的激活。在基础条件下,mTOR与NLRP3结合,脂多糖(LPS)或LPS + 三磷酸腺苷(ATP)处理后这种结合减少。此外,雷帕霉素诱导的mTOR表达下调对NLRP3炎性小体激活具有抑制作用。mTOR基因敲除(KD)小鼠炎性小体成分的蛋白质水平降低,其巨噬细胞在LPS + ATP处理后无法激活NLRP3炎性小体。从机制角度来看,LPS + ATP处理诱导mTOR的核转位,导致NLRP3炎性小体激活增强。然而,雷帕霉素处理对mTOR的抑制增加了STAT1的磷酸化,从而抑制了NLRP3的激活。当雷帕霉素与STAT1抑制剂氟达拉滨联合使用时,NLRP3炎性小体活性得以恢复。综上所述,这些发现表明mTOR在NLRP3调节中的作用,并确定了控制炎性小体激活的潜在治疗选择。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/b3b8/12188110/d76ff5ff4ea9/EJI-55-e51176-g002.jpg

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