Huang Yi, Li Tao, Hu Xiaodan, Qi Dongming, Li Xiaoyan, Huang Zhiqiu, Wu Shu, Hong Yuhang
Key Laboratory of Application of Ecology and Environmental Protection in Plateau Wetland of Sichuan, Xichang University, Xichang, Sichuan Province 415000, China.
Key Laboratory of Application of Ecology and Environmental Protection in Plateau Wetland of Sichuan, Xichang University, Xichang, Sichuan Province 415000, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Detection and Prevention in Panxi District, Xichang University, Xichang 415000, China.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2025 Aug;301:118509. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.118509. Epub 2025 Jun 10.
Glyphosate, a widely used herbicide, is frequently detected in freshwater systems, posing potential risks to non-target aquatic species. This study investigates the effects of environmentally realistic glyphosate concentrations (0.1, 1, and 10 µg/L) on the behavior, dopamine regulation, and oxidative stress in the red swamp crayfish (Procambarus clarkii), a key species in freshwater ecosystems and also an important commercial species in China. Crayfish were exposed to glyphosate-based herbicide (Roundup®, 41 % glyphosate) for two weeks, after which behavioral changes, dopamine levels, dopaminergic gene expression, and oxidative stress markers were analyzed. Behavioral tests showed dose-dependent increases in anxiety-like behaviors and reduced exploratory activity, indicated by decreased movement in the light zone and increased retreat behavior. Correspondingly, dopamine levels in the eyestalk increased significantly in Roundup-treated crayfish, with associated downregulation of key dopaminergic genes, including tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), dopamine receptor (DDR), and dopa decarboxylase (DDC). Additionally, Roundup exposure induced oxidative stress, as evidenced by elevated levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), lipid peroxidation (LPO), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, suggesting that oxidative damage may further exacerbate dopaminergic disruption. These findings highlight the neurotoxic and oxidative impacts of glyphosate at concentrations found in aquatic environments, underscoring the ecological risks of glyphosate contamination and supporting the use of crayfish as bioindicators of aquatic neurotoxicity and oxidative stress.
草甘膦是一种广泛使用的除草剂，在淡水系统中经常被检测到，对非目标水生物种构成潜在风险。本研究调查了环境现实浓度的草甘膦（0.1、1和10µg/L）对克氏原螯虾（Procambarus clarkii）的行为、多巴胺调节和氧化应激的影响，克氏原螯虾是淡水生态系统中的关键物种，也是中国重要的商业物种。将螯虾暴露于草甘膦基除草剂（农达®，41%草甘膦）中两周，之后分析行为变化、多巴胺水平、多巴胺能基因表达和氧化应激标志物。行为测试显示，焦虑样行为呈剂量依赖性增加，探索活动减少，表现为在亮区的活动减少和退缩行为增加。相应地，经农达处理的螯虾眼柄中的多巴胺水平显著增加，同时关键多巴胺能基因，包括酪氨酸羟化酶（TH）、多巴胺受体（DDR）和多巴脱羧酶（DDC）的表达下调。此外，农达暴露诱导了氧化应激，活性氧（ROS）、脂质过氧化（LPO）水平升高和超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性增加证明了这一点，表明氧化损伤可能会进一步加剧多巴胺能破坏。这些发现突出了水生环境中草甘膦浓度下的神经毒性和氧化影响，强调了草甘膦污染的生态风险，并支持将螯虾用作水生神经毒性和氧化应激生物指标。
