Giacomini Anthony, Waret-Szkuta Agnès, Sieng Tephanie, Raboisson Didier, Lhermie Guillaume, Peyre Marisa, Guis Hélène
UMR ASTRE, Université de Toulousel, ENVT, Toulouse, France.
Epidemiology & Public Health Unit, Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, Phnom Penh, Cambodia.
One Health. 2025 May 24;20:101086. doi: 10.1016/j.onehlt.2025.101086. eCollection 2025 Jun.
It is widely accepted that zoonoses pose an ever-growing threat which should be tackled using a One Health approach. Like One Health, the socio-ecosystemic framework is a powerful concept that has been used to study complex systems. The aim of this work is to identify the socio-ecosystemic factors influencing zoonotic risk, while assessing and highlighting the importance of using this framework from a One Health perspective. To do so, we conducted a scoping review following the PRISMA-ScR guidelines on articles written in English, published between 1986 and 2023, and extracted from three scientific databases (PubMed®, Scopus® and Web of Science™) in January 2023 or identified by snowball sampling. Eligibility criteria were applied to select relevant scientific articles from various disciplines, related to the epidemiology of zoonotic agents in a context of epidemic risk. Among the 1661 articles extracted from the databases, to which must be added articles identified by snowball sampling, a total of 195 articles that underwent full-text analyses were included in our work. We identified 47 socio-ecosystemic factors influencing the risk of zoonotic emergence: 15 were categorized as ecological, 15 as economic, and 17 as social. The social factor "hunting, poaching and wildlife trafficking" was the most referenced, with 24 citations. Only 15 % of the studies were considered truly "interdisciplinary" because they integrated all three dimensions of the socio-ecosystem, and their publication dates show that the issue has only recently been taken up. These results provide a relevant synthesis of knowledge on the subject, in an original way that underlines the equal importance of these three dimensions. The corpus of articles is covered with a good saturation of references, ensuring the representativeness of the results. This work could contribute to a more holistic and effective consideration of the risk of zoonotic emergence, by emphasising the importance of interdisciplinarity.
人们普遍认为，人畜共患病构成了日益严重的威胁，应采用“同一健康”方法加以应对。与“同一健康”一样，社会生态系统框架是一个强大的概念，已被用于研究复杂系统。这项工作的目的是确定影响人畜共患病风险的社会生态系统因素，同时从“同一健康”的角度评估并强调使用该框架的重要性。为此，我们按照PRISMA-ScR指南，对1986年至2023年间发表的英文文章进行了范围综述，这些文章于2023年1月从三个科学数据库（PubMed®、Scopus®和Web of Science™）中提取，或通过滚雪球抽样确定。应用纳入标准从各个学科中选择与流行风险背景下人畜共患病病原体流行病学相关的科学文章。在从数据库中提取的1661篇文章（还必须加上通过滚雪球抽样确定的文章）中，共有195篇经过全文分析的文章纳入我们的研究。我们确定了47个影响人畜共患病出现风险的社会生态系统因素：15个被归类为生态因素，15个为经济因素，17个为社会因素。社会因素“狩猎、偷猎和野生动物贸易”被引用最多，有24次引用。只有15%的研究被认为是真正的“跨学科”研究，因为它们整合了社会生态系统的所有三个维度，而且它们的发表日期表明这个问题直到最近才被关注。这些结果以一种新颖的方式对该主题的知识进行了相关综合，强调了这三个维度的同等重要性。文章语料库的参考文献饱和度良好，确保了结果的代表性。这项工作通过强调跨学科的重要性，有助于更全面、有效地考虑人畜共患病出现的风险。
