Maclean Jascika A A, Bartelt-Hunt Shannon, Cristale Joyce, Onanong Sathaporn, Snow Daniel D
Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of Nebraska Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA.
Centro Pluridisciplinar de Pesquisas Químicas, Biológicas e Agrícolas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas - UNICAMP, Av. Alexandre Cazellato, 999, Paulínia, SP, 13148-218, Brazil.
Anal Bioanal Chem. 2025 Jun 13. doi: 10.1007/s00216-025-05927-8.
Few methods provide simultaneous determination of multiple pesticides and degradation products in environmental samples using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). As LC-MS/MS method performance is significantly influenced by the type and design of the ion source, we compared three ion sources: electrospray ionization (ESI) source, atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI) source and UniSpray™ ionization source. A gain in sensitivity was observed with UniSpray™ and ESI as compared to APCI source on the same instrument. Matrix effects in the three interfaces were evaluated in reagent water and wastewater extracts. UniSpray™ showed the lowest matrix effect among the three sources, with APCI exhibiting more pronounced signal enhancement. A solid-phase extraction method using the UniSpray™ source provides method detection limits (MDLs) ranging from 0.00189 to 0.0209 µg/L in extracts from water samples. Recoveries in water ranged up to 94.35%, with above 60% of the pesticides having an average recovery exceeding 70%.
很少有方法能使用液相色谱串联质谱法（LC-MS/MS）同时测定环境样品中的多种农药及其降解产物。由于LC-MS/MS方法的性能受离子源类型和设计的显著影响，我们比较了三种离子源：电喷雾电离（ESI）源、大气压化学电离（APCI）源和UniSpray™电离源。在同一仪器上，与APCI源相比，使用UniSpray™和ESI时灵敏度有所提高。在试剂水和废水提取物中评估了三种接口的基质效应。在三种离子源中，UniSpray™显示出最低的基质效应，APCI表现出更明显的信号增强。使用UniSpray™源的固相萃取方法在水样提取物中的方法检出限（MDL）范围为0.00189至0.0209μg/L。水中的回收率高达94.35%，超过60%的农药平均回收率超过70%。
